Political parties emerged - Federalists and Democratic Republicans

• The nation became divided into these 2 factions

James Madison fought for the D. R. in congress, Jefferson fought for them in Washington’s Cabinet

Hamilton was more emotionally reserved, Jefferson was an emotional wreck

Washington ran again in 1792, knowing the Nation wouldn’t survive if he resigned

French Revolution began in 1789 (Cabinet Battle #2)

• Reign of terror killed King Louis XVI and around 40,000 other French citizens

• Soon the citizens were just rioting and this kinda ended the Pro-France view in America

• Washington had Hamilton draft a statement of Neutrality in April of 1793

• Citizen Genêt went to Charleston and traveled around the country to stir up French support in America

• Genêt didn’t win Washington over, however, and had to return to France empty handed

• But before he did that, he married the Governor of New York’s daughter

  • Genêt left the nation divided

1793 - Britain begins attacking American trade ships in the French West Indies

• British practiced impressment

• this enraged republicans, who were already eager to fight the British

1794 - Washington sent John Jay to London to settle the British / American feud

• Jay returned with a weak, but best possible outcome, treaty

  • Britain agreed to remove soldiers in American territory and offered to pay compensation for the previous year of raiding

  • republicans hated the treaty, claiming it was pro-British

  • It barely passed in the Senate in 1795

  • Jays treaty accomplished it’s goal - avoid war with the British

Hamilton’s policies were not well received in the Southern and Western states

• Hamilton proposed a tax on liquor

• Most farmers, who used part of their crop to make whiskey, hated the proposal

• This was the first internal tax in America’s history

• Soon tax evasion turned to violence

• In West Pennsylvania is where the main event of the Whiskey Rebellion occurred

  • Washington gathered 13,000 men to squash the rebellion

  • He personally led them to West Pennsylvania with Hamilton as his right hand

  • They took care of the rebellion quickly, and the resolution was, essentially, Washington telling them to deal with things they don’t like by voting instead of violence

  • This is the only time a president led troops WHILE in office

  • The rebellion ended, but the discontent over taxes never did

1796 - Washington announces he will not run for president again

• Washington urged to make economic ties with Europe, but not political ties

• Washington’s Farewell Address was not delivered orally, but printed in papers all across the nation

  • This address shaped America’s foreign policy until the World Wars in the 20th century