Mod 22-25 Reading Guide Name: Chase mitchell States of Consciousness 70: 3 Directions: While reading the assigned pages of the chapter, complete the reading guide below. Feel free to add additional information to the guide as you see fit. Module 22: Understanding Consciousness and Hypnosis (pg. 217-224) * Consciousness: Our awareness of ourselves and our environment * List 5 examples of different states of mind. (hint: see chart on pg. 219) 1) Daydreaming 2) Hypnosis 3 Hallucinations 4) Dreaming 5 Drowsiness • Hypnosis: Suspect responds to hupnoists suggestions that certain perceptions, feelings thoughts, or behavior will sportaneosly occur. Module 23: Sleep Patterns and Sleep Theories (pg. 225-233) * What machine do they use to study sleep?
EEG * Circadian Rhythm: The bodys natural 24-hour Cycle * What 2 things can change our circadian rhythm? - Body temperatur - mental sharpness - Energy * How long does a full sleep cycle last?
90 minutes * How many stages of sleep do you go through during that cycle?
4 • REM Sleep: Rapid Eye Movement → A skep stage where vivid dreams occur AkA Paradoxical sleep. • Awake: Alpha Waves: - The relatively slaw brain waves of a relaxed, awake state. * Sleep: Periodic, natural loss of consciousness. * Explain what happens in each stage of sleep: * Staze I (NREM-I): Fantastic images reseming hallucination * Hallucinations: Sensory experiences that occur without a sensory Stimulus. * Stage 2 (NREM-2): Periodic Sleep spindles * Sleep Spindles: Bursts of rapid, thy thmic brain - wave achivity * Stages 3 (NREM-3) and 4:3) Slow Wave Sleep-brain emils slow delta waves & hard to wake you u * Delta Waves: The large, slow brain waves associaled with deep sleep * * REM Sleep characteristics: - Rapid eye moremonts * How long does a sleep cycle last again? -Dreaming - muscle paralysis - Increased brain activity 290 minutes • What happens to NREM-3 sleep as the night goes on? Gets Shorter & eventuan disappears * How much of an average night's sleep do we spend in REM?
~ 20-25% * How much do newborns sleep per night?
14-17 hours * How much do most adults sleep per night?
7-9 hours * Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN): * List the 5 reasons that sleep may have evolved: 1. Helps restore &rebuild memories 2. Supports Growth 3. Module 24: Sleep Deprivation, Sleep Disorders, and Dreams (pg. 234-245) * What are some of the effects of getting too little sleep? Be sure to have at least 3. - Weaker immune sustem - Increased risk of accidents - Impaired concentration - Increased risk of obesiy • Do you think sleep deprivation has had any effect on you? Explain an example of it in your own life or the life of someone you know. When I had to slay up late and wate up carly to stady tora sert I was mone • tressed & Hud. A. Sleep Disorders * Insomnia: Inability to fall asleep and/or stay asleep. * What makes insomnia worse? - Stress, caffeine, alcholso * What are the quick fixes for insomnia? Do they work? Seeping pills & alchone. They may be a temporary solution but can make insomnia worst over time (Nambscitar) * Narcolepsy: Sleep attacks * What is the cause of narcolepsy? - Linked to Genetics * Sleep Apnea: (Wilk no breath) - Repeated awakening What are the causes/warning signs of sleep apnea? atter breathing stops. * Night Terrors: - Obesity, musce relaxation, Physial aralamy Sudden scared lookina bchaviors wl rapid breathina & heartbeal- Who do night terrors usually affect? Yound Children * During what stage of sleep do night terrors happen?
During the first few hours of NREM-3 * During what stage of sleep does sleepwalking happen?
During NREM -3 B. Dreams • Tell me about vour dreams! Do you remember your dreams every night? Do vou have any common dreams? If so, what are they about? Etc..... • Dream: A sequence of images, emotions & thoughts passing through a sleeping Person's mind. Notable for hallucinatory imagery. * What is the difference between daydreams and REM dreams? * What can happen to sensory stimuli that occur while you are sleeping? * Before reading this section on dreams, predict: why do you think people dream? Because the brain is Processing memorics from the day no