Cybary IT A+ Core 1 Domain 1 Mobile Devices Notes Flashcards

Batteries

Most common laptop batteries:

• Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion)

• Lithium Ion Polymer (LiPo)

Charging the battery over a long period of time:

• Diminishes the charging qualities

Batteries are specific per laptop model

Keyboards and Keys

The main input component is:

• The keyboard

Most common keyboard replacements:

• Backlight fails

• Single key

Very easy to replace the keyboard

Two methods of external keyboard:

• USB

• Bluetooth

Key replacement:

• Keycaps

Random-Access Memory (RAM)

What powers the laptop and keeps us going when multiple applications are open:

• RAM

Memory can be increased on most laptops

Some models have memory soldered to the motherboard. This kind of RAM is called?:

• Non-removable RAM

The access panel is located?:

• On the rear of the device or under the keyboard

What are very short memory modules called?:

• Small Outline Dual In-Line Memory Module (SO-DIMM)

Hard Disk Drives (HDD)/Solid State Drives (SSD)

Traditional hard drives have what kind of disk?:

• Magnetic Disk

2.5” for older laptops. Uses SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment) connection

Solid State Drives - no moving parts same SATA connection

M2 is a smaller form factor. Doesn’t use SATA connection

Migration to SSD

For better performance, an upgrade to an SSD from a traditional magnetic drive is recommended

The two paths for data migration when upgrading are?:

• Installing OS of choice on a new drive

• Clone image of existing OS onto new drive

Commercial and open source software helps with which data migration option?:

• Cloning or imaging existing OS

Some SSD’s have software to clone info to your new drive

Wireless Cards

Newer laptops have Wireless Connectivity through?:

• 802.11 (LAN)

• Bluetooth

Wireless LAN provides you?:

• Internet Access

• High-Speed Connectivity

Bluetooth (PAN) is for shorter range connections such as?:

• Peripherals (Wireless mouse, headphones, etc.)

Wireless cards use which two types of connection?:

• Mini PCI

• Mini PCIe (PCI Express)

Biometrics

Additional security above a password

Login/unlock laptop with fingerprint or face recognition

Windows sign-in options to configure

Multifactor Authentication

Near Field Communication (NFC)

Short distance communication 4 cm (1.5 inches)

Used in mobile phones now available in laptops

Windows sign in options to configure

Used for authentication without typing a password

Laptop Display Components

Types of Displays:

• LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)

• IPS (In-Plane Switch)

• TN (Twisted Nematic)

• VA (Vertical Alignment)

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

• Display that uses light projected through the liquid crystal

• LCD Displays Components

  • Panel

  • Backlight

  • Inverter (Not used in newer models)

• Relatively inexpensive

• Lightweight

• Many variations in LCDs to produce better performance and detail

• Twisted Nematic (TN)

  • Faster but offer adequate color

• In-Plane Switching (IPS)

  • Beautiful Color Representation (expensive)

• Vertical Alignment (VA)

  • Falls in between TN and IPS

Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED)

• Organic compounds between the glass layers that light up when given electrical charge

• No backlight required

• Thinner and lighter

• Used in tablets, smartphones, VR headsets

• More expensive than LCDs

Mobile Display Components (Backlights)

• Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamps (CCFL)

  • Older technology, bigger

  • Higher power consumption

• Light Emitting Diode (LED)

  • Newer technology

  • Thinner

  • Edge or Direct Lit

    • Edge Lighting

      • Lights are on the edge of the monitor

    • Direct Lit

      • LEDs are backlighting across the entire panels

Inverters

• Used in older laptops

• Converts DC power to AC

• Troubleshooting Tips

  • If the LCD goes dark but you can barely see the image, you last a backlight or inverter. In many cases the backlight and panel

  • If your LCD makes a hissing noise, your inverter is failing and needs to be replaced

  • Inverters are powered by high voltage electrical current that will retain a charge

  • Might be more cost effective to switch out for a newer display

WiFi Antenna Connector/Placement

• Wireless antennas are run along inside the display

• 802.11 and Bluetooth

• Display is the highest point on laptop

• Take care replacing these cables

Camera/Webcam

• Built-in cameras in most laptop models

• Relatively good performance - video call etc.

• External Webcam has better quality

• Take care replacing these cables

Digitizer

• Input directly on the screen from a stylus

• For use on laptops and tablets

• Receives input from a special device

Touchscreen

• Touchscreens are available in many devices

• Digitizer responds to touch

• Has many uses in applications

Mobile Device Accessories and Ports

Connection Methods

• Many ways to connect mobile devices to accessories

  • USB

  • Wireless

  • Bluetooth

• Used for charging, synchronization, etc.

• Sometimes connections are vendor specific

USB-C, microUSB, miniUSB

• Universal Serial Bus (USB) most common

• High speed connection

• Used for charging, data transfers

• MiniUSB and MicroUSB older implementations

Lightning

• Specific for Apple products

  • Proprietary

• iPhones & iPads

• Has 8 pin connector

• Higher power output

Serial Interfaces

• DB9

• Connector over RS32 (Recommended Standard) connections

• Older equipment and modem connections

• Commonly seen as a configuration port

Near-Field Communication (NFC)

• Used to send small amount of data

• Used in payment systems

• Used as an access token

Bluetooth

• Most popular connection used

• High speed over short distances

  • Personal Area Network (PAN)

• Connects wireless accessories

  • Headsets and headphones

  • Speakers

  • Smart watches and monitors

Hotspots

• Mobile device becomes an internet source

• Connection shared with devices close by

• Not all providers enable this service

• Check data rates and additional charges

Accessories

• Touch pens

• Headsets

• Speakers

• Webcam

• Trackpad/Drawing Pad

Docking Station

• Use externally connected devices

• Fixed station

• Avoid issues of multiple cables

• Generally proprietary and model specific

Port Replicator

• Smaller and more manageable

• Usually USB connection

• Not expendable

• Not proprietary and model specific

Mobile Device Connectivity

Early Cellular Networks

• Cellular network was called a?:

  • Cell Site

• Each Cell maintained different frequencies

• The first early networks were?:

  • 1G and 2G

• CDMA

  • Code Division Mobile Access

• GSM

  • Global System for Mobiles

• Great for voice but poor data

• Circuit-switched

• Upgrades made to allow data but still not robust

• Newer networks are packet switched

  • Much more robust

Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)

• Early starter in the cellular networks

• Had the biggest market share - approximately 90%

• The European Standard

• Uses Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) cards

  • Provides identifying info about mobile user

• Used TDMA which stands for?:

  • Time Division Multiple Access

• Efficient voice and data management

• T-Mobile and AT&T biggest U.S. Carriers

Code Division Multiple Access

• CDMA

• Multiple users accessing the system

• Unique code used

• Not adopted worldwide

• Verizon and Sprint were the biggest carriers

3G

• Introduced in 1998, deployed in 2000

• Speeds up to 3Mbit/s to 7/Mbit/s

• Introduced GPS, mobile maps, video on demand, video conferencing

• Improved existing call quality, connectivity

4G/LTE

• LTE stands for?:

  • Long Term Evolution

• Long Term Evolution - Convergence of several technologies

• CDMA & GSM Evolution

• Providers could send voice and data across one network

• Based on EDGE - Up to 150MBit/s

• What does EDGE stand for?:

  • Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution

• CDMA evolved to EVDO

• EVDO stands for?:

  • Evolution Data Optimized

• LTE-Advanced (LTE-A)

5G

• Fifth-Generation cellular networking

• First deployed in 2018-19

• Speeds between 100-900 MBit/s

• Designed for speeds up to 20 GBit/s

• More capabilities for markets

PRL Updates

• PRL stands for?:

  • Preferred Roaming List

• CDMA Networks (Sprint and Verizon)

• Allows your phone to be connected to any tower

  • Can be updated over the air (OTA)

  • More capabilities for markets

  
  

Hotspots

• Mobile device becomes an internet source

• Connection shared with devices close by

• Not all providers provide this service

• Check Data Rates and additional charges

Mobile Device Applications

Bluetooth

• Enable Bluetooth

• Pairing Process

  • Android and iOS:

  • Settings and Bluetooth

• Set devices to discover mode

  • Many require key sequence on both devices

• Select discovered device

• Enter or confirm PIN

• Test Connectivity

  • Devices should now communicate

Global Positioning System (GPS)

• Started by the Department of Defense, operated by Space Force

• 30+ satellites orbiting the earth constantly sending signals

• GPS satellites have the most accurate atomic clocks

• Determines location based on timing distances, longitude, latitude, altitude

• Geotracking

  • Map applications and directions

Mobile Device Management (MDM)

• BYOD stands for?:

  • Bring Your Own Device

• Managed personal and company-owned mobile devices

• Centralized management

  • Push security and configurations

• Set and manage policies

• Application management

• Manage security

  • Two-factor authentication

• Corporate email and applications

Microsoft 365

• Microsoft 365 used in many organizations

• Cloud-based email, contacts, notes, and more

• Authenticate to Microsoft 365 with credentials

• Select items to be synchronized

• Google Workspace formally G Suite works the same

iCloud

• Authenticate into iCloud account

• Select options to synchronize

• Syncs to all Apple devices connected to account

• Data types

  • Mail

  • Pictures, video, music

  • Calendar

  • Contacts

• Data Caps

  • Control the usage of cellular downloads