Reception of General Sensory Information (relates to touch senses)
Receiving and Perceiving Special Sensations (all other than touch(taste, smell, vision, and sounds))
Integration of Sensory Information from other parts of the body (the brain and spinal cord) and processing them
Response Generation your response by speaking
Somatic Functions- people can control voluntarily like picking up a pencil
Autonomic/Automatic functions- people CANNOT control involuntarily like your heart beating
Central Nervous System (CNS)- made up of only the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)- made up of nerves that connect to the CNS and the rest of the body
Sensory Input- info gathered through various sensory systems such as vision, hearing, touch, taste, and smell (5 senses).
Integration- the process that interprets the sensory input to make a decision
Motor Output- the response affected by the effector organs which are muscles and glands
sensory receptor; sensory neuron; interneuron
; another interneuron; motor neuron;effector
Sensory Receptor- monitors changes both inside and outside the body
Sensory Neuron- the nerve cells that are activated by sensory input/ the environment
Interneuron-neuron that transmits impulses between other neurons, especially as a part of a reflex arc
Reflex Arc- neural pathway that controls reflexes
Motor Neuron- cells in the brain and spinal cord that allows us to move and speak by sending commands from the brain to muscles.
Effector- a cell that reacts in response to stimuli
Protect the brain and spinal cord
Produce cerebrospinal fluid from the outside in: Dura mater; Arachnoid mater; Pia mater
Dura Mater: the tough outer layer of tissue that covers and protects the brain and spinal cord and is closest to the skull.
Arachnoid Mater: a thin, transparent membrane surrounding the spinal cord like a loosely fitting sac.
Pia Mater: delicate innermost layer of the meninges, the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
Maintaining Homeostasis- stable internal environment
Two Divisions:
Parasympathetic Division-operates under normal conditions
Sympathetic Division- operates under stressful or fearful conditions
Cerebrum- largest portion; higher mental functions; logic
Diencephalon- processes sensory input
Cerebellum- coordinates muscle activity; balance
Brain Stem- regulates actions of internal organ; internal; stability
Corpus Callosum- connects the two hemispheres
Gyri are the high parts while sulci are the groves (increases the surface area)
Ventricles- cavities in the cerebrum and are filled with cerebrospinal fluid
Cerebral Cortex- outer layer of the cerebrum made of gray matter (under that is white matter)
Thalamus- directs sensory info to the correct place
Hypothalamus- maintains homeostasis
Limbic System- controls emotional experiences
Pituitary Gland- the master gland of the body; produces hormones
Frontal
Parital
Temporal
Occipital
Senson oracles- interprets sensory input (senstations)
Association- area-analyze and interpret
Motor Area- speech and vision
Midbrain (superior)- connects the brain and spinal cord
Pons- controls rate and depth of breathing
Medulla Oblongata- contains centers
Cardiac Center- controls heart rate
Respiratory Center- rate and depth of breathing
Vasomotor Center- controls blood pressure
Located between the cerebrum and brainstem
Integrates sensory info about body position
Coordinates skeletal muscle activity and maintains posture
Right Frontal Lobe- decision making, logic, understanding, arts
Right Premotor Area- planning movement
Right Motor Cortex- moves the left side of the body
Right Sensory Cortex- feeling in the left side of the body
Right Parietal Lobe- understanding dimensions
Right Occipital Lobe- controls the left eye
Right Temporal Lobe- smell, hearing, rhythm of speech, and interpreting facial expressions
Left Frontal Lobe- sequencing, analyzing, and math logic
Broca’s Area- forming sentences/speaking
Left Premotor Area- planning movements
Left Motor Cortex- moving the right side of the body
Left Sensory Cortex- feeling in the right side of the body
Left Parietal Lobe- understanding dimension
Left Occipital Lobe- controls the right eye
Left Temporal Lobe- hearing, speech, smell
Wernicke’s Area- understanding sentences