unit 1

Destination-The place of a tourist visits

Resilient- able to continue after a bad event

Ex: Resilience destinations will soon recover from a extreme weather events such as his severe weather storm or natural disaster

Tourism-The business of providing services such as transport place to stay and entertainment for people who temporarily leave the place where they normally live work or study

Tourists- A person who travels temporarily from one place to another

Domestic tourism - is when a tourist travels within their own country

Domestic tourism advantages

• there is no language barrier

• the currency is the same ( no extra cost )

• the culture is similar

• Travel documentation is not required ( passports & visas)

• Able to use there own transportation ( cars)

Fact : UNWTO reports that worldwide domestic tourism is over six times bigger than international tourism.

Inbound tourism: a type of tourism where tourist travel to a country

Ex: China to Malaysia, they would be an inbound tourist to Malaysia

Source market: the country that inbounds tourist to destination have travelled from(their country of residents)

Outbound tourism : a type of tourism where tourist travel out of their country of residence

Ex: someone travels from china to Malaysia would be considered an outbound tourist as they are traveling outside of china

Tourist arrivals: the number of international tourists/ visitors who travel to a country during a given time

International tourism:

• internationally

• Inbound

• Outbound

Preparation

• Currency exchange

• Flights booked before travel

• Passports documents up to date

• Visa must be obtained for entry to a country

• Prep for language and culture

Day trip: when a tourist travels for less then 24 hours

Ex: going to the beach , city , work in another city

Short break: a trip lasting four nights or less

Ex: a weekend trip to Houston,Texas

Long - haul flight : a flight lasting longer than six hours

Ex: traveling from Zimbabwe to Dubai

1.2

Leisure travel: travel for a purpose of leisure, enjoyment or recreation

Ex: holiday or vacation

Leisure tourist: people who travel for a the purpose of leisure , enjoyment or recreation

Business travel : travel for the purpose of work to attend a meeting, take an incentive trip, attend a conference or an exhibition.

Ex: work trip

Business tourist: a person who travels for the purpose of work to attend a meeting, take incentive, attend a conference or exhibition

Ex: travel alone or with a colleagues

Business travel :

• Is paid for by the company

• Companies choose/ organize transport

• Companies choose/ organize Accommodation

Business tourist:

• travel throughout the year

• They travel for business not leisure

• Return home one the work is complete

• Rarely have time for leisure travel

MICE

different types of business travel:

Meeting - business tourist meet for exchanging information to make sales of future plans

• involves small amounts of people

• Hosted in company’s office

• Meeting can vary for 1 hour to several day depending on what needs to be achieved

Incentive- A trip given to an employee as a reward for good work

Ex: teamwork days, learning about a place or product

• Individual or small numbers of people

• It can be hosted anywhere depending on cost ( coffee shops)

Conference- Business tourist attend for the purpose of learning about and discussing a topic of common interest with guest speakers

• larger numbers of people attend

• They require large spaces (venues) typically to host

• They have (timetable) that takes place 3-5 days

Exhibition- Business tourist attend to ( network other people in their industry) and stay to date on the latest developments in the industry. Product are displayed and business tourist walks around meeting and talking to people from other companies.

Ex: Art , a museum, agriculture , ZITF,

Visiting friends and relatives (vfr) - travel for the purpose of visiting people, such as friends and family

Ex: weddings, funerals, birthday ,spending time with family, visiting other people

companies-Business organization or hostile provides are examples of travel and tourism companies

Special interest travel

Ex: traveling for religious reasons ,adventure, culture reasons, sports, health and well-being

Pilgrimage- a religious or spiritual journey

1.3

Sustainability- our ability to sustain or conserve the environment and peoples way of life into the future

for example reduce reuse and recycle 3r’s of sustainability

Resources - things that are useful to people

for example water wood oil and equipment

Sustainability travel and tourism- going to visit places in a way that helps sustain or conserve the environment and how people live(traveling to a destination that’s sustainable)

Ex: traveling by train instead of air

Eco- friendly-describes products and behaviors that do a little to no harm to the natural environment

Ex:staying in an eco-friendly accommodation(staying in a visiting destination in a way that’s sustainable)

Two types of sustainable tourism

Eco tourism and responsible tourism

Eco tourism- visiting a destination to enjoy the natural environment without causing any damage

Ex:tourist staying in a overnight organic farm in France

• meals made from organic proteins from the farm

• Waste is recycled

• Electricity is generated on the farm solar power or wind

Fun fact - Eco tourism is responsible tourism because responsible tourism involves being respectful to the environment of local people

• not making noise

• Not littering the streets

• Hire local tour guides

• Spending money in local old shops and restaurants

Responsible tourism - behaving respectfully towards the environment and local people

Tour guide -A person who shows tourist around a destination

1.4

Flyer- One page piece of promotional material that can be used to market a tourism event

Tourist information center(TIC)- an office where useful information is made available to tourists

Products - goods and services that are sold or made available to tourists

Two types

Good and Services

Goods- tangible objects that you can touch in store

Ex:A suitcase or travel guide book

Service- an action clone on your behalf it is someone doing something for you. service is intangible

Ex: A taxi ride to the airport to a hotel ordering a drink

Intangible- describe some thing that you can not touch it has no physical presence

Services

• involves people doing things for the tourist

• Provide services such as accommodation, transport, guide tours ,entertainment, visit attraction, food and beverage and currency exchange

Intangible

• all they do is read the information out provided about the journey

• Trust that is going to meet their needs

• Once as stated in the marketing materials

Perishable - describe something that cannot be stored if the service is not sold it expires

Product : good and services

• sell goods

ex A museum may or providing guide books

• food is providing tangible therefore it is considered as a good

• But the meal made by a chef is an intangible service so a restaurant can be a good in-service

  services

• Intangible

• Perishable

• An action done in your behalf

Goods

• tangible

• Can be stored

• Physical

Seasonality

Seasonality-The way in which tourism demand fluctuates throughout a year

Several factors of seasonality

• weather and climate

• Religion

• School and national holidays

• Special events or festivals

Most common splits peak and off-peak season

peak season The time when travel and tourism products of the greatest demand

Off-season - The time when travel and tourism products have the least demands

Dynamic: constantly changing

• always changing and evolving as the industry develops to meet changing customers needs and wants

Increasingly sustainable

• all aware of impact travel has on the environment economic and people

  ex: visitor attractions work with local schools provide educational experiences

Resilient

• it can survive and recover after difficult situation or condition

Ex: cOVID-19, terrorist attacks ,natural disasters

1.5

Different type of tourist

• reason of travel ( leisure , business, special interest)

• Preference when choosing or using travel and tourism products(independent, responsible or ecotourists)

needs - when traveling and using tourism products(Families ,individual ,couples ,groups or Tourist with Specific needs)

Hotels -A place where tourists can pay to stay

• A Hotel provides meals room cleaning and other services

• other products are specifically for different tourist types

ex : A conference room for business tourist to host or attend an exhibition

Leisure tourist

• usually considered about price and will have a budget amount of money available for a holiday or trip

Price sensitive- Describe someone who decisions are greatly influenced by price. a price sensitive tourist is unlikely to buy a product if they think it is too expensive

• travel when they have time available away from school and work

Seasonal industry

Museum- A place that holds historical, cultural, artistic or other artefacts .museums are popular tourist attractions

Business tourist

• traveling for specific work task

• Limited time to enjoy their destination a visit

• Travel to a destination to do work then travel back

Time sensitive- describe someone whose decision are greatly influenced by time(basically a tourist needs the product to be delivered at an exact time)

Special interest tourist (SIT)

• have specific requirements depending on reason of travel

Ex: SIT traveling for culture reasons may want to visit

• Independent Tourists: Book travel independently, value flexibility, and create custom itineraries.

• Responsible Tourists: Focus on minimizing negative impacts on the environment and local communities.

• Ecotourists: Seek to experience nature responsibly, prioritizing environmentally friendly options.

  • They travel to experience specific natural elements of the place they are visiting.

  • They want to minimize any negative impacts environmental or other wise.

  • They seek education and want to raise environmental awareness

  • They want to provide financial benefits for the environment and local area. This can be done by purchasing food and activities locally.

  • They respect the local culture.

  Tourist Needs

  Families: Prefer products suitable for all family members, considering different age groups.

  Individuals: Travel alone for various reasons, may seek social interaction or solitude.

  Couples: Focus on spending time together; products include romantic hotels and spa holidays.

  Groups: Require accommodations for collective dining and lodging arrangements.

  Tourists with Specific Needs: Require equal access to products, including those with mobility, sensory, or dietary requirements.

Visual impairment- some loss of the ability to see

Ex: tourists that have trouble reading signage and funding their way

Types of Destinations

• Beach and Coastal Destinations: Locations near the sea; coastal destinations are not always beach destinations.

• Rural or Countryside Destinations: Include lake and mountain destinations.

• Urban, Town, or City Destinations: Towns and cities that attract tourists.

• Island Destinations: Islands visited by tourists.

Resorts: Places for leisure, relaxation, and activities; can be purpose-built (e.g., theme parks) or integrated (offering multiple facilities).

• Resort: a place visited by leisure tourists for holidays (vacations), relaxation or activities.

  For example, a ski resort is a place leisure tourists go to ski

• Purpose-built resort: a resort that is planned and built especially for tourism

  Theme park: a large tourist attraction with amusements and rides. Theme parks often have accommodation such as hotels and restaurants.

• Eco-resort: an environmentally sustainable, ecotourism resort

• Integrated resort: a single-site complex of hotel accommodation and facilities such as restaurants, entertainment venues, casinos and conference facilities. The term integrated resort is often used in Singapore.

Zip-lining -The adventure tourism activity of swinging through the air hanging from a suspended cable

performance space- A place where tourists can see live shows

create workshop- A tourist attraction were processes or share in activities such as pottery, painting, a weaving

grey market -The category of travel and tourism for customers who are older a.k.a. senior citizens or retired people

Adventure tourism- visiting a destination for excitement

Thrill seeker -someone who enjoys exciting or adventurous activities

Appeal To- be attracted to