The Great War

People

• Otto Von Bismarck

  The mastermind behind the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungry, and later Italy. He saw France as the greatest threat and wanted to choke them out by making this alliance.

• Kaiser Wilhelm II

  Ruler of Germany after Otto Von Bismarck, changes the German foreign policy, didn’t want to share any power so Germany could be the most powerful. Began building a Navy to rival the British Navy. Let treaty lapse with Russia resulting in Russian forming a defensive military alliance with France.

Vocabulary

• Diplomacy: A skill in international relations using negotiations, trade, and talks. A diplomat will have extensive knowledge of the country in which they live as a re of their home country.

• Kaiser: German for Emperor

• Annexation: To forcibly add or take over another country or territory

• Stalemate: a standstill in action: neither side can gain the advantage

• Western Front:the battel zone on Gernamy’s western border w/ France

• Eastern Front: the arena along the Gernam and russian border.

• Unrestricted submarine warfare: Gernamy would sink ANY ship in the waters arounf Great Britain without warning.

• Total War: when a countries entie responsabilities and rsocrece are used in the war effore.

• Rationong: under total war, people could only buy small amounts of items that ere in short supplyu that were also needed for the war effore. Rationing coupepns would be handed out to each household to be redeemed for items.

• Propaganda: governmental efforts used one- sided information designed to persuade, or to keep up morale and support of the war. In todays world countries like Russia, China, and North Korea uses compleat propaganda by controling what people know and see.

Questions

• Why was the continent of Europe at peace before this war?

  Effores to outlaw war and the number of diplomacy between countries and organasations.

• What were the three main developments that ultimately helped to propel the continent into war?

  Th rise of nationalism, Imperialsm, and Militarism.

• Who were the countries of Triple Entente?

  Russia, France, and Britain

• Who were the countries of the Triple Alliance?

  Italy, Austria-Hungary, and Germany

• Why was the Balkan Peninsula called a “Powder keg”?

  Long history of natinalisum this Peninsula in Europe was ready to exsplode at any time with just one small action.

• What caused the decline of the empire’s power, and what did this cause?

  The Ottaman Empire that inculed the Balkans was rapidly decling due to new nations forming, desire to exstend power, and annecing outher nations.

• What happened on June 28, 1914?

  On a nice day in a convertible in Bosnia, the heir to the Austian Throne, Archduke Ferdinand, and his wife were assassinated at point blank range by a Serbian assassin.

• What happened by August 1st, 1914?

  Only a month after the assassination, the Entente and Alliances were all declaring war on each other.

• Who were the countries in the Allies?

  Russian Empire, Romania, France, Portugal, Italy, Greece, Serbia, Great Britain, and, Later in 1917, the United States. (Good Guys)(Frmally Tripple Eneette)

• Who were the main players of the Allies?

  Russia, France, and Great Britain.

• Who were the countries in the Central Powers?

  German Empire, Austria-Hungarian Empire, Bulgaria, and Ottoman Empire. (Bad Guys) (Formally The Tripple Alliance)

• What was the Schlieffen Plan?

  A Central Powers Plan to quickly defeat France and then Race back across Germany to fight Russia and then win the war easily. This plan didnt work for Germany.

• Where was the first Battle of Marne?

  Germany vrs. France

  Looked like Germany was going to win

  600 Taxi Cab drivers with new French soldiers to win the battle

• What was the Gallipoli Campaign?

  The Allied plan was to get rid of the ottoman Empire. Britain, France, and Belgium would go though the Southern Root Dardanelles to the Black sea to get supplies to Russia while trying not to encounter Germany. This plan did not work.

What were the three main causes that Led to America joining the war?

1. Sinking of the Lucitania, Germany Boomed and sunk a British passengership killing 128 US citizens.

2. Germany sinks 3 more US ships

3. In the “Zimmmerman Affair, “ Germany secretly sent Mexico a telegram offering a return of lost land in exchange for rejoining the central powers against America, but America intercepted this telegram

• What happened on April 2, 1917?

  President Wardeow Willson asks Congress to declare war on Germany and join the Allies.

• Why did Russia have to leave the War?

  They forced their Czar Nichilas to step down, then Vladimir Lenin seized power, signed a treaty between Germany ending the war between them.

• What happened at the Second Battle of Marne?

  The First and Last Battle of this War happened here. Always looked like Germany was going to win; the German soldiers had to march to France. France and American Troops squashed out the Central powers with their newer and fresher soldiers. Slowly but surely, the Central powers gave up and threw in white flags.

• What happened on November 11, 1918?

  This was when the cease-fire that ended “fighting“ part of World War wnd befre a Peace treaty would be singed

• What happened at the Paris Peace Conference?

  All the “Winners“ of the war meet up and signed a peace treary

• Who was at the Paris Peace Treaty?

  Non of the losers and not Russia,

  U.S.A., Brittain, France, and Italy

• How many Peace treaties were signed?

  One per each countrie in the war (5 main) the most importaint one being the once with Gernamy

• Who was blamed for the War?

  Germany

• What did Germany have to do at the End?

  Affecpt the loss in thw ar, pay hefy pentalies, lose territory, and lose and decline its military

• What were Wardwo Wilson’s Fourteen Poins?

  8 have to do with Territorial Issues and securing Borders

  5 have to do with Open Treaties, Freedome of Seas, Free Trade, Reducing Aemaments, and Colonnial Claims

  The Last one is an international peace keeping alliances