bio 1020 unit 8 vocab

Allele: alternate forms of a gene

Carrier: a heterozygous individual who is "carrying" the recessive allele

dihybrid cross: a genetics cross in which the inheritance of 2 traits is studied

Dominant: the allele that is expressed in the heterozygote

F1: the offspring of the parental generation

F2: the offspring of a cross of 2 F₁ individuals

Genotype: the alleles that an individual has for a particular gene

Heterozygous: a genotype consisting of 2 different alleles; not true-breeding

Homozygous: a genotype consisting of 2 identical alleles; true-breeding

monohybrid cross: a genetics cross in which the inheritance of a single trait is studied

P: parental or original generation in a series of genetic crosses

Pedigree: a family tree in which phenotypes of individuals are represented by standard symbols and the inheritance of a trait of interest is shown among the family members

Phenotype: the physical appearance or expression of a genotype

Punnett square: a graphic device in which all possible outcomes of a cross between 2 individuals are depicted

Recessive: an allele that is masked in the heterozygote

test cross: a cross between an individual of unknown genotype and an individual with the homozygous recessive genotype

True-breeding: homozygous

wild type: the most common phenotype in natural populations