Perennial - Plants that live for many years. 8. Carpel - The female reproductive structures of a flower. 9. Periphery - Plants grow from the periphery of roots and shoots not from the center. 11. Annual - Plants that go through their life cycle in 1 year. 12. Xylem - Vascular tissue that moves water up from the roots. 13. Dicot - One of the two types of angiosperms that have seeds with two cotyledons. 15. Generations - The term that indicates that plants pass through a haploid and a diploid stage is alternation of generations. 16. Stamen - Sexual reproductive organs of an angiosperm. 19. Sperm - Bryophytes need a moist environment so their sperm can swim. 21. Ferns - Land plants that need a very moist environment and do not have an organized vascular system or seeds. 22. Wind - Environmental means of pollinating plants; also useful for spreading seeds. 24. Roots - Modification of these include food storage. 27. Petal - Colorful display part of the flower. 28. Gymnosperms - Plants which contain a vascular system and seeds but no flowers. 29. Angiosperms - Flowering plants.Leaves - Modification to these include spines on cactus for protection. 3. Sepal - Protects the flower, found under the petals. 4. Pollination - The process in an angiosperm in which sperm travel to the ovules often helped by insects. 5. Cones - Male and female cones are important for sexual reproduction in gymnosperms. 7. Fruit - In angiosperms, the ovary often develops into a fleshy sugar-rich fruit. 10. Phloem - Vascular tissue that moves glucose down from the leaves. 14. Ovules - Once fertilized, they will develop into seeds. 17. Ferns - Plants that do not have seeds but do have vascular systems; use spores for reproduction. 18. Sporophyte - The diploid generation of a plant. 20. Monocots - One of the two types of angiosperms that have seeds with one cotyledon. 23. Stamen - The male reproductive structures of a flower. 25. Stems - Modifications of these include stolon (runners) which propagate the plant asexually. 26. Seed - The embryo of the plant.