NCM_136_Unit_1
Page 1: Introduction
CEBU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY - UNIVERSITY
Course: Fundamentals in Nursing
Author: Maria Elena A. Cabigon, RN, MAN, Ed.D
Page 2: Unit Overview
UNIT 1
Nature of Nursing
Historical Perspective
Nursing Education
Contemporary Nursing Practice
Roles and Functions of Nurses
Evidence-Based Practice
Page 3: Historical Perspective
Key Points
Insights into the evolution of nursing.
Page 4: Early Nursing Care
Care Aspects
Focus on physical maintenance and comfort (WOMEN’S ROLE)
Emphasizes humanistic values: caring, nurturing, and support.
Page 5: Historical Context
Attitudes Toward Nursing
Perceived as 'women's work' vs. men's work in combat.
Formation of the American Assembly for Men in Nursing (AAMN) in 1981.
Prominence of auxiliary healthcare workers during WWII.
Page 6: The Image of Nurses
Negative perceptions
Mid-1800s nurses were often poorly educated.
Sairey Gamp as a negative stereotype.
Positive Shift
Florence Nightingale's influence creates the 'angel of mercy' image.
1990s initiatives promote nursing as a viable career option.
Page 7: Nursing Leaders
Notable Figures
Emergence of pivotal nursing leaders shaping the profession.
Page 8: Florence Nightingale (1820 - 1920)
Environmental Theory and significance in nursing.
Pioneered nursing's political advocacy and research.
Advocated for personalized, holistic care.
Emphasized public health roles in nursing.
Page 9: Clara Barton (1821 - 1912)
Volunteered as a nurse in the Civil War.
Founded the American Red Cross.
Page 10: Linda Richards (1841 - 1930)
America's first trained nurse.
Introduced nursing notes and uniforms.
Significant work in psychiatric and industrial nursing.
Page 11: Mary Eliza Mahoney (1845 - 1926)
First African-American professional nurse.
Fought for equality and co-founded NACGN.
Private Nursing.
Page 12: Lillian Wald (1867 - 1940)
Founded Public Health Nursing.
Established services for the poor in New York slums.
Page 13: Lavinia Dock (1858 - 1956)
Feminist and political activist.
Advocated for nurses' autonomy.
Founded American Society of Superintendents of Training Schools for Nurses.
Page 14: Margaret Sanger (1879 - 1966)
Public health nurse and birth control movement founder.
Advocated for women's rights in reproductive health.
BIRTHCONTROL AND FAMILY PLANNING
Page 15: Mary Breckinridge (1881 - 1965)
Founded Frontier Nursing Service.
Established midwifery training and rural healthcare.
Page 16: Luther Christman (1915 - 2011)
First man to serve as a university nursing dean.
AAMN founder and First nominated for ANA president.
Page 17: Ernest Grant (1958 - Present)
First male president of ANA (January 2019).
Focus on education and client outcomes in nursing.
Page 18: Nursing Leaders' Impact
Emphasis on keeping nursing relevant to public needs.
Notable figures and their contributions highlighted.
Page 19: Reflection Prompt
Discussion
Who among the nursing leaders inspires you the most?
Page 20: Nursing Education Evolution
Focus
Teaching knowledge and skills for hospital nursing roles.
Emphasis on critical thinking and health promotion.
Page 21: Nursing Levels
Licensure Types
Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurse (LPN/VN) and Registered Nurse (RN).
Page 22: LPN/VN Education
Key Details
Duration: 9-12 months of training.
Provides basic direct care under RN supervision.
Page 23: Nursing Education Types
Nursing Programs
Practical/Vocational Nursing: 9-12 months, NCLEX-PN exam.
Registered Nursing: Diploma, Associate, Baccalaureate degrees.
Graduate Nursing: Master’s and Doctoral degrees.
Continuing Education: Shorter programs for skill enhancement.
Page 24: Nursing Education in the Philippines
Overview
Bachelor's in Nursing (BSN): 4-year program including practical training.
Licensure Examination: Required after BSN.
Postgraduate degrees available for advanced practice.
Page 25: Graduate Nursing Details
Advanced Degrees
Baccalaureate Degree in Nursing required for RN licensure.
DNP offers further education in quality improvement and client outcomes.
Page 26: Theory
Definition
A system of ideas presumed to explain a phenomenon.
Page 27: Time Management
Manage Focus Areas
Prioritize tasks based on urgency and importance.
Page 28: Nursing Metaparadigm
Key Concepts
Individuals/Clients: Central focus in nursing alongside environment and health.
Page 29: Themes in Nursing
Caring, art, science, client-centered, and holistic approaches to nursing.
Page 30: Definition of Nursing
Description
Protection, promotion, and optimization of health.
Page 31: Consumer Perspectives
Differentiation
Consumer, patient, and client definitions explained.
Page 32: Nursing Scope
Responsibilities
Promoting health, preventing illness, restoring health, caring for dying.
Page 33: Influential Factors
Contemporary Nursing
Workforce issues, healthcare reforms, consumer demands, technology, and legislation.
Page 34: Roles and Functions of Nurses
Care Provider
Offers complete, supportive, and educative care.
Caregiver, Communicator, Teacher, Leader, Client advocate, Counselor, Change agent, Case Manager, Research Consumer, Expanded Career Role.
Page 35: Advocacy and Counseling
Nurse Roles
Protect client's rights, assist in coping with issues, promote personal growth.
Page 36: Leadership and Management
Nurse Leadership Functions
Influence, delegate, and collaborate in healthcare settings.
Page 37: Research and Expanded Roles
Responsibilities
Engage in research, assume responsibilities within nursing practice.
Page 38: Clinical Evidence-Based Practice
Key Components
Best research evidence, clinical expertise, patient values.
Page 39: Understanding Evidence-Based Practice
Definition and Purpose
Integrates best evidence with expertise to provide optimal healthcare.
Page 40: Implementation of EBP
Process
Integrates evidence with expertise for effective healthcare delivery.
Page 41: Steps in Changing Practice
Protocol
Ask clinical questions.
Search for best evidence.
Critically appraise evidence.
Integrate with expertise and preferences.
Implement and evaluate.
Disseminate outcomes.
Page 42: Nursing Research Overview
Historical Context
Florence Nightingale's contributions to nursing research.
Page 43: Conclusion
References
Acknowledgment of sources and contributions to theory.
Titles of textbooks and resources used in the course.