Notes on Archetypes

Definition of Archetype

• Archetype: A recurring pattern found across cultures and throughout history.

• Literary Device: A character or element that embodies specific, identifiable traits recognized by readers.

Types of Archetypes

• Character Archetypes: Specific character types (e.g., hero, mentor, villain).

• Plot Archetypes: Common story structures (e.g., the hero's journey, quest).

• Image Archetypes: Recurring visual symbols (e.g., the serpent, the tree).

• Symbol Archetypes: Objects or concepts that carry universal meanings (e.g., light vs. darkness).

• Theme Archetypes: Central ideas that resonate across narratives (e.g., love, sacrifice).

• Setting Archetypes: Common locations that evoke specific feelings (e.g., the enchanted forest, the dystopian city).

Carl Jung's Contribution

• Carl Jung: Swiss psychologist who introduced the concept of archetypes as part of the collective unconscious.

• Collective Unconscious: A deeper layer of the unconscious mind shared among all humans, containing universal memories and experiences.

Collective Unconscious Explained

• Definition: A term coined by Jung referring to a shared unconscious that transcends individual experiences.

• Significance: It holds the memory of universal experiences, influencing thoughts, behaviors, and cultural expressions across humanity.

Summary

• Archetypes are fundamental patterns in storytelling and human experience.

• They manifest in various forms, including characters, plots, and symbols.

• Jung's theory of the collective unconscious highlights the shared nature of human experiences and memories.

Archetypes

Definition

Archetypes are universal symbols or character types that represent fundamental human experiences and emotions. They recur across literature, mythology, and storytelling.

The Lover

• Definition: The romantic lead guided by the heart.

• Examples:

  • Romeo and Juliet

  • Noah Calhoun (The Notebook)

The Hero

• Definition: The protagonist who rises to meet challenges and saves the day; often overcomes personal struggles.

• Examples:

  • Achilles (The Iliad)

  • Wonder Woman

The Magician

• Definition: A powerful figure who harnesses the universe's forces to achieve significant goals.

• Examples:

  • Darth Vader

  • Morpheus

The Outlaw

• Definition: The rebel who defies societal norms and expectations.

• Examples:

  • Han Solo

  • Batman

The Explorer

• Definition: A character driven to push boundaries and explore the unknown.

• Examples:

  • Sherlock Holmes

  • Odysseus

  • Indiana Jones

The Sage

• Definition: A wise figure who provides knowledge and guidance; often a mentor or mother figure.

• Examples:

  • Athena

  • The Oracle

The Innocent

• Definition: A morally pure character, often a child, with good intentions.

• Examples:

  • Tiny Tim

  • Buddy the Elf

The Creator

• Definition: A visionary who creates art or structures during the narrative.

• Examples:

  • Zeus

  • Dr. Victor Frankenstein

The Ruler

• Definition: A character with legal or emotional power over others.

• Examples:

  • Mufasa

  • Tony Soprano

The Caregiver

• Definition: A character who supports others and makes sacrifices for their well-being.

• Examples:

  • Calpurnia

  • Mary Poppins

The Everyman

• Definition: A relatable character that embodies the experiences of everyday life.

• Examples:

  • Bilbo Baggins

  • Winston Smith

The Jester

• Definition: A funny character or trickster who provides comic relief, but may also speak important truths.

• Examples:

  • The joker

  • Sir John Falstaff

Notes on Character Types and Jungian Archetypes

Jungian Archetypes

• Definition: Concepts developed by Carl Jung, representing universal symbols and themes in literature and psychology.

• Significance: Often used to analyze characters and narratives in storytelling.

Character Types

1. Flat Character

   • Description: One-dimensional; lacks depth and complexity.

   • Role: Often serves a specific function in the story without significant development.

2. Round Character

   • Description: Multi-dimensional; fully developed with varied traits.

   • Role: Reflects real human complexities, making them relatable and engaging.

3. Static Character

   • Description: Remains unchanged throughout the narrative.

   • Role: Provides stability or contrast to dynamic characters.

4. Dynamic Character

   • Description: Undergoes significant change due to experiences or revelations.

   • Role: Drives the plot forward through personal growth or transformation.

Flat and Static Characters

• Characteristics: Always flat and static; often serve as fillers or minor roles in the plot.

• Examples: Background characters or stereotypes that do not evolve.

Archetypal Characters

• Definition: Characters that embody specific archetypes but may not fit neatly into one category.

• Example: The Sage, who represents wisdom and insight.

Combining Archetypes

• Purpose: By merging major archetypes, writers can create round, dynamic characters.

• Impact: These characters enhance the narrative and propel the plot forward.

Popularity of Archetypal Characters

• Reason: They resonate with the human condition, reflecting universal experiences and emotions.

• Caution: Must be utilized thoughtfully to avoid clichés and maintain originality in storytelling.