whap unit 7 & 8

Russia (Tweakers)

Karl Marx and Marxism

Economic relations that led to class conflicts
- Two economic classes in constant power struggle: Bourgeoisie, who owns the means of production, and proletariat, who sell their labor for wages. (workers)
- Marxists believed proletariat/working class would overthrow bourgeoisie and establish communist societies
Critiques on other economic systems
- Capitalism is exploitive, alienating, and degrades working
- Free Market (Adam Smith, government leaves economic alone) blocks people’s ability to control their destinies

Communism - Derived from Karl Marx, class war will lead to a society where everything is communicable/publicly owned and everyone is paid according to their abilities and needs (Equity situation) COLLECTIVE OWNERSHIP = COLLECTIVE PROSPERITY

Government owns major resources of a society and everyone shares benefits equally
Suppressing

World War I (1914-1918) - Nationalism, imperialism, fascism

Allied powers (France, Britain, Russia, Italy, U.S.) against Central powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman)
Trench warfare - Tanks, chemical warfare, machine guns, airplanes
Russian Revolution - Establishment of the Soviet Union and rise of communism after Middle Class overthrew Tsar rule
Great Depression - Stock market crash, unemployment increase, international trade decline

World War II (1939-1945) - Germany’s invasion of Poland, ended with atomic bombings from U.S. in Japan

Holocaust - Systematic genocide of Jews
Everyone against Germany, Italy, and Japan
Largest and deadliest conflict

Cold War (1947-1991) - Soviet Union VS. U.S., no direct wars

Truman Doctrine - Pledged U.S. support to countries threatened by the Soviets
Decolonization movements
Marshall Plan - European recovery plan
NATO VS. Warsaw Pact

Fight between capitalism (U.S.) and communism (Soviet Union) theological and political differences
Decolonization - Independence of former colonies in Asia, Africa, and Caribbean
Fall of Berlin Wall (1989) - End of cold war and collapse of communist regimes in East. Europe
Military interventions in Afghanistan and Iraq, terrorist attacks
Proxy wars - Wars fought by opposing countries indirectly in different territories
- Vietnam War (1950-1953) - U.S. supports South Vietnam against communist North Vietnam and Viet Cong (Communist South Vietnamese people)
- Guerilla warfare tactics
Israel VS. Palestine - Jews thought they owned the land of Palestine as a God-Given right, Balfour Declaration made by the British declared that Israel should have the land
- Series of deadly conflicts

Impacts

United Nations (1945) - International cooperation and conflict resolution