Exam prep

Chapter 11 – Respiratory System

1. What are the major organs of the respiratory system?

2. Where is the diaphragm located, and what is its function in respiration?

3. Describe the normal function of the respiratory system.

4. What is the role of the trachea in the respiratory system?

5. List common signs and symptoms of respiratory system disorders.

6. What is the most common etiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

7. How is asthma typically diagnosed?

8. What are the treatment options for bronchitis?

9. Identify the clinical laboratory tests commonly used for diagnosing respiratory disorders.

10. Compare the structure and function of the respiratory system in infants and elderly individuals.

Chapter 7 – EKG Adaptations

11. What are some common artifacts in an EKG reading?

12. How do body position and movement cause EKG artifact?

13. Describe the adjustments needed for EKG testing on pediatric patients.

14. How can you troubleshoot a malfunctioning EKG machine?

15. What is the importance of ensuring proper electrode placement during an EKG?

16. What adjustments might be necessary for obese patients during EKG testing?

17. Describe an instance where an EKG might show interference due to electrical devices.

18. What is the best approach to minimize muscle artifact during an EKG recording?

19. What is the role of the medical assistant in EKG maintenance?

20. How do you address poor skin preparation that causes artifact in EKG results?

Chapter 8 – The Cardiac Conduction System and EKG Tracings

21. What is the difference between mechanical and electrical activity of the heart?

22. Describe the electrical conduction system of the heart.

23. What does the P wave on an EKG represent?

24. What does the QRS complex signify in an EKG tracing?

25. Explain the significance of the T wave in an EKG.

26. What intervals are important in an EKG, and what are their normal measurements?

27. How is time measured on an EKG tracing using small and large blocks?

28. What are the six steps used to analyze an EKG tracing?

29. How do you determine heart rate from an EKG tracing?

30. How do you examine an EKG for regularity?

Chapter 9 – Blood, Lymphatic, & Immune Systems

31. What is the composition of blood?

32. What are the major organs of the lymphatic system?

33. Describe the process of coagulation and hemostasis.

34. What is the difference between innate and acquired immunity?

35. How does the body distinguish between self and non-self in immunity?

36. Name common blood disorders and their treatments.

37. What is the role of the spleen in the immune system?

38. What diagnostic tests are used to assess blood disorders?

39. What are the signs and symptoms of anemia?

40. How does the immune system respond to infections?

Chapter 7 – Endocrine System

41. What are the major organs of the endocrine system, and where are they located?

42. How do hormones from the endocrine glands affect the body?

43. Differentiate between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

44. What are the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia?

45. What is diabetic ketoacidosis, and how is it treated?

46. Describe common endocrine system disorders and their treatments.

47. What is the role of the pancreas in the endocrine system?

48. How does aging affect the endocrine system?

49. Explain the purpose of the thyroid gland and its hormones.

50. What diagnostic tests are used to evaluate endocrine disorders?

Chapter 9 – Overview of Rhythm Interpretation

51. What is the significance of recognizing sinus rhythm in an EKG?

52. How do you identify atrial rhythms on an EKG?

53. What is the significance of junctional rhythms in an EKG tracing?

54. What are ventricular rhythms, and how do they affect the heart?

55. How do you identify heart block rhythms on an EKG?

56. Describe artificially paced rhythms and how they appear on an EKG.

57. What complications can arise from the use of artificial pacemakers?

58. What is an ST segment change, and what does it indicate?

59. How do you interpret changes in the T wave on an EKG tracing?

60. Why is it important to follow each step when analyzing an EKG?

Chapter 10 – Emergency Situations

61. What are the first steps to take in recognizing an emergency situation during cardiac testing?

62. How do you assist a conscious patient experiencing a cardiac emergency?

63. What should you do if a patient becomes unconscious during a cardiac emergency?

64. Describe the basic principles of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

65. How do you use an automated external defibrillator (AED) in a cardiac emergency?

66. What medications might be used during a cardiac emergency?

67. How would you recognize a stroke in a patient?

68. What is the correct procedure for notifying a supervisor during a medical emergency?

69. Describe a response to nonmedical emergencies in a healthcare setting.

70. What is the role of the medical assistant in emergency response?

Chapter 8 – Sensory System

71. What are the major organs of the sensory system?

72. How does the sensory system function in detecting and interpreting stimuli?

73. What diagnostic procedures are used to assess sensory system disorders?

74. Describe common disorders of the sensory system and their treatments.

75. How does the sensory system change across the lifespan, particularly in older adults?