gas laws

- Gas Laws: The scientific principles that describe the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature of gases.

- Boyle’s Law: A gas law stating that the pressure of a gas inversely relates to its volume when temperature is held constant (\(P \times V = k\)).

- Charles’s Law: A gas law stating that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature when pressure is constant.

- Pressure: The force exerted by gas particles on the walls of its container, usually measured in atmospheres (atm) or pascals (Pa).

- Volume: The amount of space that a gas occupies, typically measured in liters (L) or milliliters (mL).

- Temperature: A measure of the average kinetic energy of gas molecules, expressed in degrees Celsius (°C) or Kelvin (K).

- Inversely Proportional: When one variable increases, the other variable decreases in a constant relationship, as seen in Boyle’s Law.

- Directly Proportional: When two variables increase or decrease together, maintaining a constant ratio, observed in Charles’s Law.

- Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP): A set of conditions used as a reference point for measuring gases, defined as 0°C (273.15 K) and 1 atm pressure.

- Ideal Gas: A hypothetical gas that perfectly follows the gas laws under all conditions, with no interactions between particles.

- Gas laws explain the relationship between pressure, volume, temperature, and the number of moles of a gas.

- Boyle’s Law indicates that increasing the pressure of a gas decreases its volume if the temperature remains constant.

- Charles’s Law states that when the temperature of a gas increases, its pressure also increases.

- The pressure exerted by a gas is independent of its volume.

- Volume is defined as the space occupied by a gas.

- According to the gas laws, temperature must always be measured in Celsius.

- In Boyle’s Law, pressure and volume are directly proportional.

- An ideal gas perfectly follows the principles outlined in Boyle’s Law.

- At standard temperature and pressure (STP), the volume of gas is measured at 0°C and 1 atm.

- Directly proportional relationships mean that an increase in one variable leads to a decrease in another.

- The behavior of real gases can always be perfectly predicted by gas laws.

- The volume of a gas will decrease when the temperature is raised at constant pressure.