APUSH 2.3 The Regions of British Colonies

New England

  • By the 18th century, the New England colonies experienced a population increase
    • Most of this was due to natural increase, not migration
  • The New England colonies were mostly occupied by Puritans who developed cliquish communities
  • The New England colonies also had mixed economies that included lumbering, fishing, and other means of profit
  • Socially, classes developed whereby the wealthy owned the industries and the poor worked for the military
  • Agriculture was not as profitable in New England as it was in the Middle and Southern colonies

Middle Colonies

  • These colonies were the most diverse
  • Maryland was a haven for Catholics
  • New York was a haven for immigrants
  • Philadelphia was established by the Quaker, William Penn, who thought it was best to make alliances with the Native Americans
  • The demographics included Scots, Irish, Germans, Quakers, and other groups

“The Great Wagon Road”

  • The Middle Colonies also had the great wagon road that ran through the Shenandoah Valley
  • People, food, supplies, produce, newspapers, and other items were transported by this road that became a major part of other road intersections

Southern Colonies

  • The profitability of the southern colonies relied on slave labor needed to harvest and cultivate difficult crops such as tobacco, rice, and indigo
  • Virginia emerged as the primary colony for tobacco production
  • The Carolinas were also producers of tobacco, rice, and indigo
  • All of the British colonies in North America relied on slave labor, however the types of crops grown in the southern region required intense, long hours of work
    • The enslaved were forced to endure dreadful conditions as they labored under brutal heat and the ever watchful eye of the overseers