Developmental Process: Nature v Nurture

Developmental Processes

Provide a framework for describing and understanding an individual’s development

The development originates from within us

The development comes from our environment and experiences

Development consists of the pattern of behavioral changes brought about by reward and punishment

	Rate of Response
Response leads Stimulus to be…	Increase and Delivered Positive Reinforcement: increases behavior by delivering a desired stimulus ex: praise	Decrease and Delivered Positive Punishment: decreases behavior by delivering an aversive stimulus ex: ‘“STOP“
	Increase and Withdrawn Negative Reinforcement: Increases behavior by removing an aversive stimulus ex: cleaning your room gets your parent to stop nagging	Decrease and Withdrawn Negative Punishment: Decreases behavior by removing a desired stimulus ex: Grounding

Rate of Response

Response leads Stimulus to be…

Increase and Delivered

Positive Reinforcement: increases behavior by delivering a desired stimulus

ex: praise

Decrease and Delivered

Positive Punishment: decreases behavior by delivering an aversive stimulus

ex: ‘“STOP“

Increase and Withdrawn

Negative Reinforcement: Increases behavior by removing an aversive stimulus

ex: cleaning your room gets your parent to stop nagging

Decrease and Withdrawn

Negative Punishment: Decreases behavior by removing a desired stimulus

ex: Grounding

Sensorimotor Stage	Preoperational Stage	Concrete Operational Stage	Formal Operational Stage
Infant constructs understandings of the world by coordinating sensory experiences with physical actions. Infants go from reflexive, instinctual actions to symbolic	The child begins to represent the world with words and images. This reflects symbolic thinking and advances passed sensory information and physical action	Children can now use reason logically about concrete events and classify objects into different sets	Reasons become more abstract, idealistic, and logical.
birth - 2yrs	2-7yrs	7-11yrs	11 - adulthood