Bone Remodeling, Skin, and Healing

Bone Healing

• When a bone is injured, the body initiates a healing process.
• Osteoclasts are crucial cells responsible for resorbing damaged bone tissue.
• Osteoblasts then build new bone, similar to demolishing and building a house.
• The damaged bone surface is cleaned by osteoclasts before new bone formation can begin.
• After the damaged surface has been cleared by osteoclasts, osteoblasts start forming new bone.
• The material produced by osteoblasts is known as a callus, which bridges the two sides of the fracture.
• If a bone has been lost, the tissue is replaced by a callus, and the bone heals throughout the callus.
• Osteoclasts and osteoblasts essentially restore the bone to its original shape, and the bone is then remodeled.

Skin

• Skin also knows as Integument.
• The skin can experience rapid growth when the body experiences changes.
• Skin stretches, such as during weightlifting or weight gain.
• These areas generally have a different appearance.
• Skin develops tissue in response to being pulled apart, expanding the area that needs to be held together.
• Stretch marks, also known as striae, are similar to biological scars.
• These scars may appear larger or longer and can result from collagen imbalance or damage at the site of injury.
• The skin does not allow the stretch marks to form properly.

Tissue Repair

• The capability of tissue to effectively replace itself depends on the location and depth of the damage.
• Scar tissue is fibrous tissue that forms to help heal a severe tissue injury, acting like a bandage.
• Scar tissue can affect the overall health and appearance of a person.
• Several factors play a role in scarring after a wound, including genetics, age, the part of the body involved, and the type of injury.

Biological Scarring

• Includes two types: Hypertrophic and Keloid scarring.

Stretch Marks (Striae)

• Remodeling Formation.

Hematoma Formation

• Inflammation formation.

Bone Formation

• Locations: External, Internal, and Callus formation.

Edema

• May result from excessive accumulation of fluid (liquid, solid or gas).

Biological Scars

• Hypertrophic scars are similar to keloid scars but do not extend beyond the area of damage.
• Keloid scars may appear larger or raised and can result from collagen imbalance or injury at the site of injury.

Scar Tissue

• Fibrous tissue is formed to help heal a serve tissue injury(like a biological "bandage"). Protects and helps hold the damaged tissue together while it effectively replaces itself.

Biology Notes

• BIOL 252: A biology class.