Bones to Know

Flashcard #1
Term: Cranial Bones
Definition: Bones that form the skull, including the parietal, occipital, frontal, temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.

Flashcard #2
Term: Parietal Bone
Definition: Bone located on the sides and roof of the cranial cavity, connected by the sagittal suture.

Flashcard #3
Term: Occipital Bone
Definition: Bone at the back of the skull, featuring the lambdoidal suture, foramen magnum, occipital condyle, and external occipital protuberance.

Flashcard #4
Term: Frontal Bone
Definition: Bone forming the forehead, connected by the coronal suture.*

Flashcard #5
Term: Temporal Bone
Definition: Bone located at the sides of the skull, featuring the squamous suture, mastoid process, external auditory canal, and styloid process.

Flashcard #6
Term: Sphenoid Bone
Definition: Bone that forms part of the cranial floor and features the sella turcica and optic canals.*

Flashcard #7
Term: Ethmoid Bone
Definition: Bone located between the nasal cavity and the orbits, featuring the crista galli.*

Flashcard #8
Term: Facial Bones
Definition: Bones that form the structure of the face, including the nasal, vomer, lacrimal, zygomatic, inferior nasal concha, maxilla, mandible, and palatine bones.

Flashcard #9
Term: Nasal Bone
Definition: Facial bone forming the bridge of the nose.

Flashcard #10
Term: Vomer Bone
Definition: Facial bone that forms part of the nasal septum.

Flashcard #11
Term: Lacrimal Bone
Definition: Facial bone containing the lacrimal canal.

Flashcard #12
Term: Zygomatic Bone
Definition: Facial bone also known as the cheekbone.

Flashcard #13
Term: Inferior Nasal Concha
Definition: Facial bone that is part of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity, with middle and superior nasal conchae.

Flashcard #14
Term: Maxilla Bone
Definition: Upper jaw bone that contains the alveolar margin.*

Flashcard #15
Term: Mandible Bone
Definition: Lower jaw bone featuring the ramus, alveolar margin, and mandibular condyle.

Flashcard #16
Term: Palatine Bone
Definition: Facial bone forming part of the hard palate, in pairs.

Flashcard #17
Term: Hyoid Bone
Definition: Bone in the neck that supports the tongue.

Flashcard #18
Term: Thoracic Cage
Definition: Structure formed by the sternum and ribs, protecting the thoracic organs.

Flashcard #19
Term: Sternum
Definition: Bone of the thoracic cage consisting of the body, xiphoid process, and manubrium.

Flashcard #20
Term: True Ribs
Definition: The first seven pairs of ribs that attach directly to the sternum via costal cartilage.

Flashcard #21
Term: False Ribs
Definition: Ribs that do not attach directly to the sternum.

Flashcard #22
Term: Floating Ribs
Definition: The last two pairs of ribs that do not connect to the sternum.

Flashcard #23
Term: Vertebrae
Definition: The series of small bones forming the spine, categorized into cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal.

Flashcard #24
Term: Cervical Vertebrae
Definition: The seven vertebrae in the neck, known for features like transverse processes and vertebral foramen.

Flashcard #25
Term: Axis Vertebra
Definition: The second cervical vertebra with a structure known as the dens.

Flashcard #26
Term: Atlas Vertebra
Definition: The first cervical vertebra that supports the skull.

Flashcard #27
Term: Thoracic Vertebrae
Definition: The twelve vertebrae in the mid-back region.

Flashcard #28
Term: Lumbar Vertebrae
Definition: The five large vertebrae in the lower back.

Flashcard #29
Term: Sacrum
Definition: Bone at the base of the spine composed of fused vertebrae.

Flashcard #30
Term: Coccyx
Definition: Tailbone at the distal end of the vertebral column.

Flashcard #31
Term: Pectoral Girdle
Definition: Structure connecting the upper limbs to the torso, including the scapula and clavicle.

Flashcard #32
Term: Scapula
Definition: Shoulder blade with landmarks like the acromion and glenoid cavity.

Flashcard #33
Term: Clavicle
Definition: Collarbone that connects the arm to the body.

Flashcard #34
Term: Upper Appendage
Definition: Includes the humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges.

Flashcard #35
Term: Humerus
Definition: The upper arm bone with features such as greater tubercle and trochlea.

Flashcard #36
Term: Radius
Definition: Forearm bone located on the thumb side, with landmarks like the radial tuberosity.

Flashcard #37
Term: Ulna
Definition: Forearm bone located on the side opposite the thumb.

Flashcard #38
Term: Carpals
Definition: Eight wrist bones: scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate.

Flashcard #1
Term: Scaphoid
Definition: One of the eight wrist bones, located near the base of the thumb.

Flashcard #2
Term: Lunate
Definition: A crescent-shaped carpal bone situated between the scaphoid and triquetrum.

Flashcard #3
Term: Triquetrum
Definition: A pyramidal-shaped carpal bone located on the medial side of the wrist.

Flashcard #4
Term: Pisiform
Definition: A small, pea-shaped carpal bone that is situated on top of the triquetrum.

Flashcard #5
Term: Trapezium
Definition: A carpal bone at the base of the thumb, forming part of the wrist.

Flashcard #6
Term: Trapezoid
Definition: A small carpal bone located next to the trapezium and below the index finger.

Flashcard #7
Term: Capitate
Definition: The largest carpal bone in the wrist, located in the center.

Flashcard #8
Term: Hamate
Definition: A carpal bone with a hook-like structure, located adjacent to the fourth and fifth metacarp

Flashcard #39
Term: Metacarpals
Definition: Five bones of the hand, numbered I to V.

Flashcard #40
Term: Phalanges
Definition: Fingers' bones, divided into proximal, intermediate, and distal.

Flashcard #1
Term: Proximal Phalanx
Definition: The first bone in each finger, connecting to the metacarpals.

Flashcard #2
Term: Intermediate Phalanx
Definition: The middle bone in each finger, located between the proximal and distal phalanx; not present in the thumb.

Flashcard #3
Term: Distal Phalanx
Definition: The tip bone in each finger, the furthest from the hand.

Flashcard #41
Term: Pelvic Girdle
Definition: Structure connecting the lower limbs to the torso, including the ilium, ischium, and pubis.

Flashcard #42
Term: Ilium
Definition: Largest bone of the pelvis, containing the iliac crest.

Flashcard #43
Term: Ischium
Definition: Bone forming the lower part of the pelvis, contributing to the acetabulum.

Flashcard #44
Term: Pubis
Definition: Bone forming the front of the pelvis, connected at the pubic symphysis.

Flashcard #45
Term: Lower Limb
Definition: Includes the femur, tibia, fibula, patella, tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges.

Flashcard #46
Term: Femur
Definition: The thigh bone, the longest bone in the body with landmarks like greater trochanter.

Flashcard #47
Term: Tibia
Definition: The shin bone, with key features such as tibial tuberosity.

Flashcard #48
Term: Fibula
Definition: The smaller bone of the lower leg, found on the lateral side.

Flashcard #49
Term: Patella
Definition: Kneecap that protects the knee joint.

Flashcard #50
Term: Tarsals
Definition: Seven ankle bones: cuneiforms I, II, III, cuboid, talus, navicular, calcaneus.

Flashcard #1
Term: Cuneiform I
Definition: One of the three cuneiform bones in the foot, located on the medial side.

Flashcard #2
Term: Cuneiform II
Definition: The middle cuneiform bone located between the first and third cuneiforms.

Flashcard #3
Term: Cuneiform III
Definition: One of the cuneiform bones, situated on the lateral side of the foot.

Flashcard #4
Term: Cuboid
Definition: A tarsal bone located on the lateral side of the foot, adjacent to the cuneiforms and the calcaneus.

Flashcard #5
Term: Talus
Definition: The tarsal bone that sits above the calcaneus and articulates with the tibia and fibula.

Flashcard #6
Term: Navicular
Definition: A tarsal bone situated between the talus and the cuneiform bones.

Flashcard #7
Term: Calcaneus
Definition: The largest tarsal bone in the foot, commonly referred to as the heel bone.

Flashcard #51
Term: Metatarsals
Definition: Five bones of the foot, numbered I to V.

Flashcard #52
Term: Phalanges (Lower Limb)
Definition: Toe bones

Flashcard #1 Term: Proximal Phalanx Definition: The first bone in each toe, connecting the distal phalanx to the middle phalanx.

Flashcard #2 Term: Intermediate Phalanx Definition: The middle bone in the toes, located between the proximal phalanx and the distal phalanx; not present in the big toe.

Flashcard #3 Term: Distal Phalanx Definition: The tip bone in each toe, the furthest from the foot.