chem vocab 4/17/25

Standard temperature – for a gas with a temperature of 0 degrees C and the pressure of 1 atmosphere.

Kinetic-molecular theory – is a theory that explains that the behavior of physical systems depends on the combined actions of the molecules constituting the system.

Ideal gas – is an imaginary gas whose particles are infinitely small and do not interact with each other.

Ideal gas law – is the law that states the mathematical relationship of PV = nRT.

Diffusion – is the movement of particles from region of higher density to regions of lower density.

Effusion – is the passage of a gas under pressure through a tiny opening.

Graham’s law – is the law that states that the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the gas’s density.

Gay-Lussac’s law – is the law that states that the volume of gases involved in a chemical change can be represented by the ratio of small whole numbers.

Partial pressure – is the pressure of each gas in a mixture.

Dalton’s law – is the law that states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the component gases.

Boyle’s law – states that a fixed amount of gas at constant temperature the volume increases as the pressure decreases and the volume decreases as the pressure increases.

Charles’ law – states that a fixed amount of gas at constant pressure, the volume increases as the temperature increases and the volume decreases as the temperature decreases.

Gay-Lussac’s law – states that the pressure of a gas at a constant volume is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.

Avogadro’s law – states equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules.

Pascal – is the SI unit of pressure.

Pressure – is the amount of force exerted per unit area.

Newton – is the SI unit for force.