1 21st Century
the term used to describe written or spoken materials
pieces of writing that are valued as works of art especially novels, plays, poems.
may be defined as an artistic representation of life that is of varied human experiences in different forms or expressions
Folk tales (Kwentong bayan): These are made up of stories about life, adventure, love, horror, and humor where one can derive lessons about life.
An example of this is THE MOON AND THE SUN.
The Epic Age: Epics are long narrative poems in which a series of heroic achievements or events, usually of a hero, are dealt with at length.
Examples: Biag ni Lam-Ang, Darangen a Muslim epic, Bantugan of the Maranao, Kudaman of Palawan, Alim of the Ifugao, Hinilawod of Panay, Ibalon of Bikol
Folk Songs: These are one of the oldest forms of Philippine literature that emerged in the pre-Spanish period. These songs mirrored the early forms of culture. Many of these have 12syllables.
Examples of which are Kundiman (courtship), Kumintang o Tagumpay (victory o war), Ang Dalit o Imno (awit sa Diyos), Ang Oyayi o Hele (lullaby), Diana(wedding), Soliraning (laborer) and Talindaw (boatman).
Literature in this period may be classified as religious prose and poetry and secular prose and poetry.
Prose: written in sentence and paragraphs. eg. novel, newspaper article, letters, essays
Poetry: written in lines and stanzas. eg. poems
It has two distinct classifications:
religious (based in religion) and
secular (does not based on religion)
It introduced Spanish as the medium of communication
Literary Forms:
1. Religious Literature: religious lyrics written by ladino poets or those versed in both Spanish and Tagalog were included in early catechism and were uses to teach Filipinos the Spanish language.
A. Pasyon: long narrative poem about the passion and death of Christ. The most popular was “Ang Mahal na Passion ni Jesu Cristong Panginoon Natin” by Aguino de Belen.
B. Cenakulo: dramatization of the pasyon, it shows the passion and death of Christ
2. Secular (non-religious) Literature:
A. Awit: colorful tales of chivalry made for singing and chanting and have measures of 12 syllables and slowly sung to the accompaniment of guitar or banduria
eg. Florante at Laura
B. Korido: Have measures of 8 syllables and recited to a martial beat
eg. Ibong Adarna
In 19th Century, Filipino intellectuals educated in Europe called illustrados began to write about the hitch of colonization.
The Propaganda Movement (1872-1896): This movement was spearheaded mostly by the intellectual middle-class like Jose Rizal, Marcelo del Pilar; Graciano Lopez Jaena, Antonio Luna, Mariano Ponce, Jose Ma. Panganiban, and Pedro Paterno.
Some of Rizal’s writings: Noli Me Tangere, Mi Ultimo Adios, Sobre La Indolencia Delos Filipinos and Filipinas Dentro De Cien Aňos.
Some of Del Pilar’s writings: Pagibig sa Tinubuang Lupa (Love of Country), Kaingat Kayo (Be Careful), and Dasalan at Tocsohan (Prayers and Jokes).
Some of Jaena’s writings: Ang Fray Botod, La Hija Del Fraile (The Child of the Friar). and Everything Is Hambug (Everything is mere show), Sa Mga Pilipino...1891), and Talumpating Pagunita Kay Kolumbus (An Oration to Commemorate Columbus).
Linguistically, Americans influenced Filipino writers to write using English language. Jose Garcia Villa became famous for his free verse. Characteristics of Literature during this period: The languages used in writing were Spanish and Tagalog and the dialects of the different regions, but the writers in Tagalog continued in their lamentations on the conditions of the country and their attempts to arouse love for one’s native tongue and the writers in English imitated the themes and methods of the Americans.
Between 1941-1945, Philippine Literature was interrupted in its development when another foreign country, Japan, conquered the Philippines. Philippine literature in English came to a halt. Except for the TRIBUNE and the PHILIPPINE REVIEW, almost all news-papers in English were stopped by the Japanese.
Filipino Poetry During This Period
The common theme of most poems during the Japanese occupation was nationalism, country, love, and life in the barrios, faith, religion, and the arts.
Three types of poems emerged during this period:
Haiku: a poem of free verse that the Japanese like. It was made up of 17 syllables divided into three lines.
Tanaga: like the Haiku, is short, but it had measure and rhyme.
Karaniwang Anyo (Usual Form): has 8 or 12 syllables with rhyme
Because of the strict prohibitions imposed by the Japanese in the writing and publishing of works in English, Philippine literature in English experienced a dark period. For the first twenty years, many books were published both in Filipino and in English. In the New Filipino Literature, Philippine literature in Tagalog was revived during this period. Most themes in the writings dealt with Japanese brutalities, the poverty of life under the Japanese government, and the brave guerilla exploits.
According to Pociano Pineda, youth activism in 1970-72 was due to domestic and worldwide causes. Because of the ills of society, the youth moved to seek reforms.
The Literary Revolution:
The youth became vocal with their sentiments. They demanded a change in the government. It was manifested in the bloody demonstrations and the sidewalk expressions but also in literature.
The period of the New Society started on September 21, 1972. The Carlos Palanca Awards continued to give annual awards. Poems dealt with patience, regard for native culture, customs, and the beauties of nature and surroundings. Newspapers donned new forms. News on economic progress, discipline, culture, tourism, and the like were favored more than the sensationalized reporting of killings, rape, and robberies. Filipinos before were hooked in reading magazines and comics.
After ten years of military rule and some changes in the life of the Filipino, which started under the New Society, ==Martial Rule was at last lifted on January 2, 1981.==The Philippines became a new nation, and this; former President Marcos called “The New Republic of the Philippines.” Poems during this period of the Third Republic were romantic and revolutionary. Many Filipino songs dealt with themes that were true-to-life like those of grief, poverty, aspirations for freedom, love of God, of country and fellowmen.
History took another twist. Once more, the Filipino people regained their independence, which they lost twenty years ago. In four days from February 21-25, 1986, the so-called People Power (Lakas ng Bayan) prevailed. In the short span of the existence of the real Republic of the Philippines, several changes already became evident. It was noticed in the new Filipino songs, newspapers, speeches, and even in the television programs. The now crony newspapers that enjoyed an overnight increase in circulation were THE INQUIRER, MALAYA, and the PEOPLE’S JOURNAL.
The new trends have been used and introduced to meet the need and tastes of the new generation. 21st Century learners are demanded to be ICT inclined to compete with the style and format of writing as well. New codes or lingos are used to add flavor in the literary pieces produced nowadays.
the term used to describe written or spoken materials
pieces of writing that are valued as works of art especially novels, plays, poems.
may be defined as an artistic representation of life that is of varied human experiences in different forms or expressions
Folk tales (Kwentong bayan): These are made up of stories about life, adventure, love, horror, and humor where one can derive lessons about life.
An example of this is THE MOON AND THE SUN.
The Epic Age: Epics are long narrative poems in which a series of heroic achievements or events, usually of a hero, are dealt with at length.
Examples: Biag ni Lam-Ang, Darangen a Muslim epic, Bantugan of the Maranao, Kudaman of Palawan, Alim of the Ifugao, Hinilawod of Panay, Ibalon of Bikol
Folk Songs: These are one of the oldest forms of Philippine literature that emerged in the pre-Spanish period. These songs mirrored the early forms of culture. Many of these have 12syllables.
Examples of which are Kundiman (courtship), Kumintang o Tagumpay (victory o war), Ang Dalit o Imno (awit sa Diyos), Ang Oyayi o Hele (lullaby), Diana(wedding), Soliraning (laborer) and Talindaw (boatman).
Literature in this period may be classified as religious prose and poetry and secular prose and poetry.
Prose: written in sentence and paragraphs. eg. novel, newspaper article, letters, essays
Poetry: written in lines and stanzas. eg. poems
It has two distinct classifications:
religious (based in religion) and
secular (does not based on religion)
It introduced Spanish as the medium of communication
Literary Forms:
1. Religious Literature: religious lyrics written by ladino poets or those versed in both Spanish and Tagalog were included in early catechism and were uses to teach Filipinos the Spanish language.
A. Pasyon: long narrative poem about the passion and death of Christ. The most popular was “Ang Mahal na Passion ni Jesu Cristong Panginoon Natin” by Aguino de Belen.
B. Cenakulo: dramatization of the pasyon, it shows the passion and death of Christ
2. Secular (non-religious) Literature:
A. Awit: colorful tales of chivalry made for singing and chanting and have measures of 12 syllables and slowly sung to the accompaniment of guitar or banduria
eg. Florante at Laura
B. Korido: Have measures of 8 syllables and recited to a martial beat
eg. Ibong Adarna
In 19th Century, Filipino intellectuals educated in Europe called illustrados began to write about the hitch of colonization.
The Propaganda Movement (1872-1896): This movement was spearheaded mostly by the intellectual middle-class like Jose Rizal, Marcelo del Pilar; Graciano Lopez Jaena, Antonio Luna, Mariano Ponce, Jose Ma. Panganiban, and Pedro Paterno.
Some of Rizal’s writings: Noli Me Tangere, Mi Ultimo Adios, Sobre La Indolencia Delos Filipinos and Filipinas Dentro De Cien Aňos.
Some of Del Pilar’s writings: Pagibig sa Tinubuang Lupa (Love of Country), Kaingat Kayo (Be Careful), and Dasalan at Tocsohan (Prayers and Jokes).
Some of Jaena’s writings: Ang Fray Botod, La Hija Del Fraile (The Child of the Friar). and Everything Is Hambug (Everything is mere show), Sa Mga Pilipino...1891), and Talumpating Pagunita Kay Kolumbus (An Oration to Commemorate Columbus).
Linguistically, Americans influenced Filipino writers to write using English language. Jose Garcia Villa became famous for his free verse. Characteristics of Literature during this period: The languages used in writing were Spanish and Tagalog and the dialects of the different regions, but the writers in Tagalog continued in their lamentations on the conditions of the country and their attempts to arouse love for one’s native tongue and the writers in English imitated the themes and methods of the Americans.
Between 1941-1945, Philippine Literature was interrupted in its development when another foreign country, Japan, conquered the Philippines. Philippine literature in English came to a halt. Except for the TRIBUNE and the PHILIPPINE REVIEW, almost all news-papers in English were stopped by the Japanese.
Filipino Poetry During This Period
The common theme of most poems during the Japanese occupation was nationalism, country, love, and life in the barrios, faith, religion, and the arts.
Three types of poems emerged during this period:
Haiku: a poem of free verse that the Japanese like. It was made up of 17 syllables divided into three lines.
Tanaga: like the Haiku, is short, but it had measure and rhyme.
Karaniwang Anyo (Usual Form): has 8 or 12 syllables with rhyme
Because of the strict prohibitions imposed by the Japanese in the writing and publishing of works in English, Philippine literature in English experienced a dark period. For the first twenty years, many books were published both in Filipino and in English. In the New Filipino Literature, Philippine literature in Tagalog was revived during this period. Most themes in the writings dealt with Japanese brutalities, the poverty of life under the Japanese government, and the brave guerilla exploits.
According to Pociano Pineda, youth activism in 1970-72 was due to domestic and worldwide causes. Because of the ills of society, the youth moved to seek reforms.
The Literary Revolution:
The youth became vocal with their sentiments. They demanded a change in the government. It was manifested in the bloody demonstrations and the sidewalk expressions but also in literature.
The period of the New Society started on September 21, 1972. The Carlos Palanca Awards continued to give annual awards. Poems dealt with patience, regard for native culture, customs, and the beauties of nature and surroundings. Newspapers donned new forms. News on economic progress, discipline, culture, tourism, and the like were favored more than the sensationalized reporting of killings, rape, and robberies. Filipinos before were hooked in reading magazines and comics.
After ten years of military rule and some changes in the life of the Filipino, which started under the New Society, ==Martial Rule was at last lifted on January 2, 1981.==The Philippines became a new nation, and this; former President Marcos called “The New Republic of the Philippines.” Poems during this period of the Third Republic were romantic and revolutionary. Many Filipino songs dealt with themes that were true-to-life like those of grief, poverty, aspirations for freedom, love of God, of country and fellowmen.
History took another twist. Once more, the Filipino people regained their independence, which they lost twenty years ago. In four days from February 21-25, 1986, the so-called People Power (Lakas ng Bayan) prevailed. In the short span of the existence of the real Republic of the Philippines, several changes already became evident. It was noticed in the new Filipino songs, newspapers, speeches, and even in the television programs. The now crony newspapers that enjoyed an overnight increase in circulation were THE INQUIRER, MALAYA, and the PEOPLE’S JOURNAL.
The new trends have been used and introduced to meet the need and tastes of the new generation. 21st Century learners are demanded to be ICT inclined to compete with the style and format of writing as well. New codes or lingos are used to add flavor in the literary pieces produced nowadays.
