IPC FREEDOM


  1. What is how far an object has moved? 

Distance

  1. What is the distance and direction of an object’s change in position from the starting point?

Displacement

  1. What is the distance an object travels per unit of time?

Speed

  1. What is the total distance traveled divided by the total time of travel?

Average Speed

  1. What is the speed at a given point in time?

Instantaneous speed

  1. What includes the speed of an object and the direction of its motion?

Velocity

  1. What is the rate of change of velocity?

Acceleration

  1. What is the product of an object’s mass and velocity?

Momentum

  1. What is the acceleration toward the center of a curved or circular path called?

Centripetal acceleration 

  1. What property of matter is momentum related to?

Mass 

  1. What does a change in acceleration also mean a change in?

Speed, direction, OR both

  1. Sometimes people mistakenly state that velocity and speed are the same thing. Why might people make such a mistake?

Because they forget that velocity describes both speed and direction

  1. What Is the force that opposes the sliding motion of two surfaces that are touching each other?

Friction

  1. What is the force that opposes the motion of objects that move through the air?

Air resistance

  1. What of an object is different on every planet in the solar system?

Weight

  1. The gravitational force exerted on an object is called the objects?

Weight

  1. The sum of all the forces acting on an object is called the what force?

Net force

  1. What law relates the net force exerted on an object to its mass and acceleration?

Newton’s 2nd Law

  1. What term best describes the forces of an object with a net force of zero?

Balanced forces

  1. What term describes the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion?

Inertia

  1. A group of students is playing tug-of-war. The students on both sides of the rope are pulling with equal force. This is an example of what?

Balanced forces

  1.  Sally rolls two balls, a heavy bowling ball and a light tennis ball. She notices that it is much easier to roll the tennis ball. What law is this?

Newton’s 2nd Law

  1. When Jasmine kicks a soccer ball, she notices that it travels along the ground but then stops. What law is this?

Newton’s 1st Law


  1. To make a rocket go into the air, NASA engineers point it directly upwards prior to launching the rocket. What law is this?

Newton’s 3rd Law

  1. Kyle is driving a car that suddenly collides with the car in front. As the cars collided, Kyle kept moving forward but his seat belt kept him safe. What law is this?

Newton’s 1st law

  1. Which of Newton’s Laws is also known as the Law Of Inertia?

Newton’s 1st Law

  1. Which of Newton's laws is also known as the Law of Action/Reaction?

Newton’s 3rd Law

  1. What two factors affect the gravitational attraction between 2 objects?

Mass & Distance

  1. What are the types of friction?

Static, Rolling, sliding

  1. T or F? Assume there are equal forces on two objects. If an object has more mass, then it will accelerate at a lower rate than an object with less mass.

True

  1. T or F? Inertia is indirectly proportional to the amount of mass an object has, therefore, the larger mass, the less inertia the object has.

False

  1. T or F? Your mass will change from your location on Earth to your location on the moon.

False


  1. What is the ability to do work called?

Energy

  1. What unit is energy measured in?

Joules

  1. What is the energy associated with motion called?

Kinetic energy 

  1. When you rub your hands together, you use friction to convert…

mechanical energy → thermal energy

  1. What is the type of energy stored by fossil fuels?

chemical potential energy

  1. What is potential energy?

Stored

  1. What is potential energy that depends on height called?

gravitational potential energy

  1. How would you calculate an object’s mechanical energy?

Add its kinetic & potential energies

  1. What must be done for work to be done on an object?

The object must move some distance as a result of a force

  1. What do machines do?

Change the amount of force you exert or the distance over which you exert the force

  1. What is the fixed point that a lever pivots around called?

Fulcrum

  1. On a bookshelf, what kind of energy is equal to the work done to lift the book to the shelf?

Gravitational potential energy

  1. What kind of force is exerted by a machine?

Output force

  1. What law states that energy can not be created or destroyed?

Law of conservation of energy

  1. What is work?

Transfer of energy from one object to another

  1. As a pendulum swings, what kind of energy is it being continuously transformed between?

kinetic energy & potential energy

  1. What is a newton-meter measure of work also known as?

Joules

  1. What kind of force is applied to a machine?

Input force

  1. What simple machine is a jar lid an example of?

Screw

  1. How does conduction transfer heat?

Through direct contact between objects

  1. When you feel the warmth of the sun on your skin, which type of thermal transfer is occurring?

Radiation

  1. Imagine you touch a metal spoon that has been sitting in hot soup. The heat is transferred to your hand through what?

Conduction

  1. How does convection transfer heat?

By the movement of fluids

  1. When you sit close to a campfire and feel the warmth in the air around you, which type of thermal transfer is occurring.

Radiation

  1. Why is it a good idea to wear a hat in cold weather?

It prevents conduction of heat

  1. Which method of thermal transfer is responsible for the circulation of warm air rising and cool air sinking?

Convection

  1. When you feel the warmth of a cup of hot cocoa in your hands, what type of thermal transfer is happening between your hands and the cup?

Conduction

  1. What is the rate of heat transfer unit?

Watt

  1. The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves is called what?

Radiation

  1. What is a good thermal conductor?

Copper

  1. What is an example of convection as a method of heat transfer?

Heating a room using a radiator

  1. What is an example of a good insulator?

Styrofoam

  1. What material would be best for making a pot handle that won't get too hot when placed on the stove?

Plastic

  1. What is the lowest possible temperature called at which particles theoretically stopped moving?

Absolute zero

  1. What happens to the particles in substance when it is heated?

They vibrate faster

  1. What is the primary function of an insulator concerning heat?

To prevent heat transfer

  1. What is an example of a process that absorbs heat?

Boiling water

  1. Why do metals typically make good conductors of heat?

They have thermal conductivity

  1. What affects the rate of heat transfer through a material?

Thickness and material conductivity

  1. As a hot cup of tea cools what happens?

Heat moves from the cock to the atmosphere

  1. Which phase of matter exists at the coldest temperature?

Solid

  1. Instrument of an object's average kinetic energy is also known as the object's what?

Temperature

  1. Force almost always produces thermal energy?

Friction

  1. Thermal energy from the Sun is transferred to the Earth by what?

Radiation

  1. A large tectonic plate on the Earth's surface is caused by what?

Convection currents in the mantle of the Earth

  1. Physics class the teacher discusses absolute zero which is negative 273.15 which is what in Celsius and what in Kelvin?

 ℃ and equal to 0K

  1. Heat moves from what?

Hot to cold

  1. Force that produces thermal energy is called what?

Friction

  1. What state of matter that has a definite volume but not a definite shape Atoms can move around but stay close together?

Liquid

  1. What state of matter has a definite shape and volume atoms are tightly packed together?

Solid

  1. What state of matter with no definite shape or volume atoms are free to move around are far apart and move quickly with increased temperatures?

Gas

  1. What state of matter has particles that have no definite shape or volume subatomic particles moving extremely fast with the highest energy?

Plasma

  1. The movement of Thermal energy through fluids is called what?

Convection

  1. As temperature increases, what does kinetic energy do?

Increases

  1. A transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic ways that's called what?

Radiation

  1. The Natural movement of heat from high to low temperatures is called what?

Conduction