SAT MATH

Core Algebra Terms (Non-Negotiable)

Coefficient – the number multiplying a variable

Constant – fixed number (no variable)

Variable – symbol representing unknown

Term – single math piece (like 4x or –7)

Expression – math statement with no equals sign

Equation – has an equals sign

System of equations – two+ equations solved together

Solution set – all possible solutions

Linear – straight line (degree 1)

Quadratic – degree 2 (parabola)

📈 Graph & Function Language

Function – one output per input

Domain – all possible x-values

Range – all possible y-values

Intercept – where graph crosses axis

Slope – rate of change

Rate of change – how fast y changes per x

Increasing / Decreasing – graph rising/falling

Vertex – highest/lowest point (parabola)

Axis of symmetry – vertical line splitting parabola

End behavior – what graph does far left/right

📊 Data & Statistics

Mean – average

Median – middle value

Mode – most frequent

Range – max − min

Standard deviation – spread of data

Interquartile range (IQR) – middle 50% spread

Outlier – extreme value

Scatterplot – graph of paired data

Correlation – strength of relationship

Line of best fit – trend line

📐 Geometry & Trig

Complementary – sum to 90°

Supplementary – sum to 180°

Congruent – same size/shape

Similar – same shape, scaled

Hypotenuse – longest side in right triangle

Leg – non-hypotenuse side

Adjacent / Opposite – trig positioning

Radian – angle measure in terms of π

Arc length – length along circle

Sector – “slice” of circle

🔁 Advanced Math Language (Shows Up a Lot)

Exponential growth/decay – repeated multiplication

Polynomial – multiple terms added

Factor – something that multiplies

Zero / Root – where function = 0

Solution to inequality – range of values

Absolute value – distance from zero

Piecewise function – function with multiple rules

Constraint – restriction in a word problem

⚠ Sneaky Wording Traps

At least = ≥

At most = ≤

No more than = ≤

No less than = ≥

Distinct = different

Consecutive = next in order

Inclusive = endpoints included