lymphatic system
Lymph, lymphatic vessels, lymphoid organs and lymphoid tissue (throughout the body)
What four structures comprise the lymphatic system?
Return fluid to the bloodstream, absorbs fat and fat soluble vitamins from the intestines, and defends the body against disease
What are the three main functions of the lymphatic system?
Lymph
A clear fluid that resembles plasma is known as _____.
Water, electrolytes, waste products and proteins
Lymph is made up of what four components?
20
Approximately _____ liters of lymph filter through from the interstitium each day.
True
True or False: Lymph is returned to the venous blood.
Edema
If the lymphatic system did not return fluid to the blood stream, _____ would result.
Left
The thoracic duct is dumped into the (right/left) subclavian.
False (veins)
True or False: the distribution of lymphatic vessels is similar to that of the arteries.
Capillaries
Lymphatic _____ contain pores and valves.
Subclavian vein / internal jugular vein
Lymphatic capillaries drain into larger vessels that eventually drain into the venous system at the junction of the _____ and the _____ on either side.
Left Thoracic Duct
The _____ duct drains ¾ of the body's lymph.
Left
The majority of the body's lymph is drained from the _____ side.
Right upper quadrant
The remaining lymph is drained from the ______ of the body.
Contraction of skeletal muscles, changes in intrathoracic pressure, contraction/relaxation of the smooth muscle in the walls of lymphatic vessels.
What three mechanisms contribute to the movement of lymph through the body?
Valves
Multiple _____ are present in the lymph vessels to prevent the backflow of lymph fluid.
True
True or False: once the fluid from the right side of the body is dumped into the right subclavian vein, it is no longer lymph fluid, it is blood.
True
True or False: swollen, tender lymph nodes mean that the lymph is active
Cancer
Swollen lymph nodes that present with no tenderness upon palpation may indicate what pathology is present?
Lymph Nodes
Small pea shaped patches of lymphatic tissue which filter lymph as it flows through the vessels are called ______.
Cervical, axillary and inguinal
Lymph nodes appear in clusters in which three regions of the body?
nodules/sinuses
Lymph nodes consist of lymph _______ and lymph ______.
Afferent
_____ vessels carry lymph toward the lymph node.
Efferent
_____ vessels carry lymph away from the lymph node.
True
True or False: lymph nodes range in size from the head of a pin to a bean.
Lymphocytes
Lymph nodes are encapsulated with fibers inside that contain clusters of ______ which act as a filter.
Macrophages
These cells inside a lymph node eat the bad stuff filtering through the lymph node.
Thymus
The _____ gland is located in the upper mediastinum.
Immune system
The thymus gland is involved in the development of the ________ before birth and shortly after birth.
Thymosins (hormones)
The thymus secretes _____ that promote the proliferation and maturation of T-cells in lymphoid tissue.
Thymus Gland
The ______ is responsible for the development and maturation of the immune system.
Spleen
This is the largest of the lymphoid organs.
Blood
The function of the spleen is to filter and clean the _____.
White and red pulp
Which two tissue types make up the spleen.
White pulp
Lymphoid tissue surrounding the blood vessels is called ______
Red Pulp
blood -filled venous sinuses that also contain lymphocytes and macrophages are called _____.
Blood storage, destroys old RBCs, erythropoiesis before birth, lymphocyte production
Besides filtering and cleaning the blood, list four other functions for which the spleen is responsible.
Puberty
Lymphoid tissue reaches peak development at _____.
False (decreases in size)
True or False: The lymphoid tissue gradually increases in size once you hit puberty.
True
True or False: The thymus gland involutes (shrinks) with age.
Connective
As you age, Thymus gland tissue is replaced with _____ tissue.
Decreased
As you age thymosins decrease in production resulting in (increased/decreased) defense mechanisms with age.
White pulp
The lymphatic nodule of the spleen would be located in which tissue type?
True
True or False: by the end of the lymphatic cycle, lymph fluid has been cleaned several times.
True
True or False: Lymphatic capillaries have more and larger pores than regular capillaries.
True
True or False: lymphatics start blindly at the tissue space.