Chapter 16:Sulphuric acid
Sulfuric acid or sulphuric acid is a mineral acid composed of the elements sulfur, oxygen and hydrogen.
There are two main oxides of Sulphur
Sulphur Dioxide (So2): gas formed when sulphur burns in air
Sulphur trioxide(So3): involves the catalytic oxidation of sulphur dioxide which is carried out industrially in the Contact process.
Preparation of sulphur dioxide.
.Conversion of sulphur dioxide into sulphur trioxide.
Conversion of sulphur trioxide formed into concentrated H2SO4.
Step 1: Preparation of sulphur dioxide:
SO2 is prepared by burning sulphur in the presence of excess air so that the product combines with oxygen which is helpful for the next stage.
S(s) + O2 (g) → SO2(g)
Step 2: Preparation of sulphur trioxide:
Sulphur trioxide is formed when sulphur dioxide reacts with oxygen in a ratio of 1:1
at a temperature of 400 °C – 450°C
and a pressure of 1-2 atm in the presence of V2O5 as a catalyst.
This reaction is reversible in nature.
2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g)
Step 3: Preparation of concentrated sulphuric acid:
The sulphur trioxide formed is first made to react with concentrated sulphuric acid.
H2SO4 + SO3(g) → H2S2O7(l)
H2S2O7(l) + H2O(l) → 2H2SO4
In Industries:
used in the production of phosphoric acid which is in turn used to make phosphate fertilizers.
It is used in the manufacturing of metals such as copper, zinc etc.
making of fibres.
Used in acidic drain cleaners.
Used as a catalyst in the manufacturing process of nylon.
Used in the Manheim process in the manufacturing of HCl.
Used in petroleum refining.
Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compounds like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air.
These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere, where they mix and react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain.
Sulfuric acid or sulphuric acid is a mineral acid composed of the elements sulfur, oxygen and hydrogen.
There are two main oxides of Sulphur
Sulphur Dioxide (So2): gas formed when sulphur burns in air
Sulphur trioxide(So3): involves the catalytic oxidation of sulphur dioxide which is carried out industrially in the Contact process.
Preparation of sulphur dioxide.
.Conversion of sulphur dioxide into sulphur trioxide.
Conversion of sulphur trioxide formed into concentrated H2SO4.
Step 1: Preparation of sulphur dioxide:
SO2 is prepared by burning sulphur in the presence of excess air so that the product combines with oxygen which is helpful for the next stage.
S(s) + O2 (g) → SO2(g)
Step 2: Preparation of sulphur trioxide:
Sulphur trioxide is formed when sulphur dioxide reacts with oxygen in a ratio of 1:1
at a temperature of 400 °C – 450°C
and a pressure of 1-2 atm in the presence of V2O5 as a catalyst.
This reaction is reversible in nature.
2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g)
Step 3: Preparation of concentrated sulphuric acid:
The sulphur trioxide formed is first made to react with concentrated sulphuric acid.
H2SO4 + SO3(g) → H2S2O7(l)
H2S2O7(l) + H2O(l) → 2H2SO4
In Industries:
used in the production of phosphoric acid which is in turn used to make phosphate fertilizers.
It is used in the manufacturing of metals such as copper, zinc etc.
making of fibres.
Used in acidic drain cleaners.
Used as a catalyst in the manufacturing process of nylon.
Used in the Manheim process in the manufacturing of HCl.
Used in petroleum refining.
Acid rain is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compounds like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air.
These substances can rise very high into the atmosphere, where they mix and react with water, oxygen, and other chemicals to form more acidic pollutants, known as acid rain.
