music final

Australia Questions: 

1.What genre best fits Ker Carmody's music?

Singer-songwriter

Thailand Questions :

1. Which of the following is NOT true about the Computer Crime Act?

D. The number of offenses under the Computer Crime Act decreased following the 2014 military coup.

2. Luk Thung is primarily associated with urban areas.

FALSE

Guatemala Questions: 

1. Based on what you've been hearing in the video with Dr. Tausig and what you've been reading about the music we are studying, who is willing to take the most political risks?

C. People who feel they don't have anything to lose 

2. What are the four elements of hip-hop?

1. MC, Breakdance, DJ, Graffiti

   
   
   

THAILAND KEY WORDS: 

•  Khaen: a reed mouth organ used in luk thung and folk musics from Isan

•  Lèse-majesté: insulting of a monarch or other ruler; strict laws in Thailand

• Computer Crime Act: restricts digital rights by blocking websites and removing content, has been widely protested for its ability to silence and prosecute political dissidents for sharing comments online, defined broadly to include all offenses "likely to cause damage to the public", offenses increased after 2014 

THAILAND  PEOPLE PLACES GENRES: 

● Isan: the northeastern region of Thailand (rural and culturally Lao)

● Luk krung: popular music genre representative of Bangkok’s urban class (“child of the city”)

● Luk thung: popular music genre representative of Isan’s rural class (“child of the field”)

● Songs for Life: protest music in the 1970s, associated with student democracy movements

● Caravan: the first songs for life band, “Man and Buffalo”, inspired by Bob Dylan

● Carabao: a later songs for life band, “Made in Thailand”

● Faiyen: a pop music group living in exile for calling an end to lèse-majesté, 

• remember the double entendre in their song that criticizes the king 

● Rap Against Dictatorship: a rap music group censored under the Computer Crime Act

THAILAND CENTRAL QUESTIONS: 

• How does Thailand's demographic inform protest songs and political movements?

Youth-driven activism, urban-rural divide, and digital platforms amplify protest music (Rap Against Dictatorship).

How does media censorship affect the dissemination of popular music in Thailand?

Lèse-majesté laws limit free speech. Artists self-censor or use metaphors. Banned songs spread via YouTube & social media.

• What makes music particularly effective as a protest strategy?

Emotional impact, easy to remember, unites people, spreads messages quickly, and incorporates cultural symbolism.

Guatemala and Latin America Key Words:

• Maya : Indigenous people native to Latin America

• Quiché- Mayan language spoken by the Indigenous peoples of Guatemala and Mexico

Guatemala and Latin America People/Places/ Genres:

• Guatemala - Central American country with a history of civil war, Indigenous rights struggles, and political hip hop used for activism.

• Mexico - Rich in Indigenous and revolutionary music; hip hop and rock are used for political protest, especially against corruption and inequality.

• Hip Hop - Originating in the U.S., it has become a global protest genre, used by Indigenous and Latin American artists to address social issues.

• Rock - Originally Western, it has been adapted worldwide for protest, blending with local traditions (e.g., Yothu Yindi in Australia).

• Cumbia - Colombian dance music w/ influences of African, Euro, Indigenous music

• Bacteria Soundsystem Crew- 

• Alux Nahual-  1 of most prominent Rock band in central america. Alex Nahual means “Spirit of the Goblin”

  • Band formed at 1979, Guatemalan Peace Sign treatys

• Kin Lalat - stemmed from “kin lalatic”(Quiché language)

• Rebeca Lane - Rapper born in 1984 civil war

  • Vocal Queer woman who recognized gender disparities and challenged heteronormative norms

• MC: master of ceremony, rap, verbal element, poetry lyrical content

  • Role of an MC (master of ceremonies): To host, introduce performers, and engage the audience during an event

• Breakdance: dance that is an element of hip hop, group dancers from crews, individual dancers show physical and artistic skill, very popular element in Guatemala City 

• DJ: Spins or Plays live, may also create and mix recorded sound

• Graffiti : a form of visual art practiced on city walls, visual aesthetic, use of public space  

• Rigoberta Menchu - activist dedicated her entire advocating for indigenous rights

Guatemala and Latin America Central Questions: 

• How do Guatemalan musicians express solidarity with other Latin American musicians and groups?

Shared struggles (corruption, Indigenous rights), collaborations with Latin artists, Nueva Canción influence, and joint protests.

• How does political music change over time?

Themes shift (colonialism → digital rights), genres evolve (folk → hip hop), and digital platforms increase global reach.

• How does hip hop in Guatemala relate to hip hop (or other political music) in other areas of Latin America?

Addresses poverty, police violence, and Indigenous identity, with influences from U.S. rap and Latin beats.

AUSTRALIA AND CANADA KEY WORDS: 

• land rights: rights of individuals or communities to own/use/control land

• Songlines: people become co-participants in ongoing creation & reanimation of life through song, dance, painting & ceremony

• Assimilation: Process of erasing culturally distinct qualities to make a group of people a part of a homogenous group

• Residential school: indigenous people went here to learn about certain religions and assimilate with the dominant culture, schools set up to remove culturally distinct practices from Indigenous children’s lives and replace them with new ideas

• Didgeridoo: Indigenous wind instrument from N. Australia , made of hollow branch

• Indigeneity- the state of being Indigenous, or related to Indigenous-ness

• Mestizaje- racial or cultural mixing

AUSTRALIA AND CANADA People/Places/ Genres

• Australia - Home to diverse Indigenous music, including protest rock (Yothu Yindi) and hip hop (Jimblah), highlighting land rights and racial justice.

• Canada - Strong Indigenous music scene (e.g., Tanya Tagaq), with artists addressing colonialism, MMIW, and Indigenous sovereignty.

• Torres Strait- - strait between Australia and New Guinea, includes 274 small islands

• Powwow - A gathering for dancing, singing, and socializing

  • music for an intertribal Native American performance event derived from Plains musical and cultural practices; the most public genre of Native American music performance in the US and Canada

• EDM (Electronic Dance Music)-  music designed for social dance in club settings. Melodies, vocals, and sound effects are layered over a steady beat. Songs may be lengthy. Electronic sounds predominate

• Reggae: internationally popular Jamaican music derived from Jamaican indigenous music & dance with Rastafarian influences

• Throat singing- Inuit vocal technique where a singer simultaneously uses their mouth and throat to produce multiple pitches or sounds at once. Often has a guttural or growling timbre

• Christine Anu- Torres Strait Islander singer from Australia, known for My Island Home, promoting Indigenous identity and culture.

• Jimblah- Indigenous Australian hip hop artist, blends activism with music, advocating for racial justice and Indigenous rights.

• Yothu Yindi - Australian band mixing Yolŋu traditional music with rock, famous for Treaty, which called for Indigenous land rights.

• The Halluci Nation ( a tribe called red) - Canadian EDM group that mixes hip-hop,reggae, moombahton, and dubstep

• JB the First Lady - Canadian Indigenous hip-hop and spoken word artist, emcee, beat-boxer, activist, cultural dancer, and youth educator from the Nuxalk and Onondaga Nation; Believes her songs are a way of capturing oral history. She challenges subjects like residential schools, and missing and murderedIndigenous women

• Tanya Tagaq - Inuk throat singer from Canada, merges traditional Inuit throat singing with contemporary styles, highlighting Indigenous issues.

AUSTRALIA AND CANADA Central Questions

• How do Indigenous popular musicians today use music in ways that fit with community needs and worldviews?

Preserve language & culture, advocate for rights, use music in ceremonies, and educate younger generations.

• What is meant by land rights, and by missing and murdered Indigenous women?

Land rights fight displacement; MMIW refers to the crisis of missing & murdered Indigenous women, often ignored by authorities.

• How does contemporary Indigenous popular music express the ongoing presence of Indigenous musicians and communities today?

Blends traditional and modern styles, raises awareness of Indigenous struggles, promotes cultural pride, and gains global attention.