BioSci 41 Ch 7

Compare and contrast the symptoms of mania, hypomania, mild and severe Depression.

• Mania: 

  • Mood Changes: 

    • A period of feeling “high” or an overly happy or outgoing mood; extremely irritable mood, agitation, feeling “jumpy” or “weird”.

  • Behavioral Changes:

    • Talking very fast, jumping ideas, racing thoughts, easily distracted, goal-directed activities (such as taking on new projects), being restless, sleeping little having an unrealistic belief in one’s abilities; behaving impulsively and taking part in a lot of pleasurable, high-risk behaviors, such as spending sprees, impulsive sex, and impulsive business investments.

• Hypomania:

  • A mild form of Mania that can affect sleep and activity; it is less severe and usually does not require hospitalization

• Depression: 

  • Mood Changes:

    • A long period of feeling worried or empty; loss of interest in activities once enjoyed, including sex.

  • Behavioral Changes: 

    • Feeling tired or “slowed down”; having problems concentrating, remembering, and making decisions; being restless or irritable; changing eating, sleeping, or other habits; thinking of death or suicide, or attempting suicide.

• Mild Depression Vs. Severe Depression

  • Key differences is the amount of symptoms and impact of daily life

Compare and contrast Bipolar I and II.

• Bipolar I: 

  • At least one manic or mixed episode that lasts for at least 7 days or the manic symptoms are so severe that the person needs hospital care. Usually the person also has depressive episodes typically lasting at least two weeks. (Thinks about the rock stars trashing hotel rooms, a destructive aggravated state that can lead to self-harm due to the disconnect from reality) 

• Bipolar II:

  • A pattern of depressive episodes shifting back and forth with hypomanic episodes, but no full-blown manic or mixed episodes. 

• Quick Summary:

  • Bipolar I is more of the manic episodes while Bipolar II is more of the depressive episodes

Compare and contrast Schizoaffective Disorder with Bipolar disorder.

• Schizoaffective Disorder: Better tolerated by families & loved ones (it’s more a of constant state) 

• Bipolar Disorder: Decreases in white matter is associated with the severity of Bipolar Disorder (more severe cases) 

• Similarities: 

  • Both have psychotic symptoms (hallucinations, delusion & incoherence) 

  • Ventricles are enlarged in both (parts of your brain that contain cerebral fluid used to wash out the toxins in your brain

List 5 behaviors associated with bipolar mania.

• An increased sense of self (believes they are better than everyone or believes themselves to be a spiritual leader, king or god)

• Decreased need for sleep

• More talkative than usual or pressure to keep talking

• The person feels a sensation of racing thoughts, often crazy ideas (often called “flight of ideas”)

• Increased distractibility

• An increase in goal-directed activities (desire to accomplish things and following through on the idea)

• Physical agitation 

Describe the Altman Self Rating Scale.

• Questionnaire used by therapist to see how you are doing day-in and day-out

• 0-4 score rating 

• Ask questions that are symptoms of  bipolar disorder (How talkative are you? How much sleep did you get?How confident are you? How cheerful are you? How active do you feel? ...ect)

• Designed to assess the presence and/or severed of manic symptoms 

• Can be a self-report measure for the patient to take home with them