Principles of Health Science: Semester Exam Study Guide

Unit 1: Teamwork, Leadership, Collaboration, & Communication

  • Communication: Exchange of information via speech, writing, or behavior.

  • Active Listening: Listener provides feedback to the speaker.

  • Noise: Disrupts the communication process.

  • Non-verbal Communication: Messages conveyed through body language and expressions.

  • Vision: Ability to see the big picture and share goals with the group.

  • Humility: Giving credit to group members, accepting blame for mistakes.

  • Creativity: Imaginative thinking outside traditional norms.

  • Teamwork: Cooperative effort to achieve a common goal.

  • Emotional Intelligence: Understanding and expressing one’s feelings empathetically.

Leadership Styles

  • Authoritarian Leadership:

    • Advantages: High productivity, quick decision-making.

    • Disadvantages: Frustration among employees, dependency on the leader.

  • Participative Leadership:

    • Advantages: Positive work environment, encourages creativity.

    • Disadvantages: Slow decision-making, risk of groupthink.

  • Laissez faire Leadership:

    • Advantages: Flexibility, encourages self-motivation.

    • Disadvantages: Unclear roles, potential for unproductivity.

  • Abdicratic Leadership:

    • Advantages: Identifies problems and allows new leaders to emerge.

    • Disadvantages: Confusion, lack of organization.

Unit 2: Healthcare Careers & Pathways

  • Degrees:

    • Associate's: 60 hours, ~2 years.

    • Bachelor's: 120 hours, ~4 years.

    • Master's: 30+ hours post-bachelor’s.

    • Doctorate: 90-120+ hours post-bachelor’s.

  • Healthcare Pathways:

    • Diagnostic Services: Detect and diagnose conditions.

    • Therapeutic Services: Provide direct patient care.

    • Support Services: Maintain healthcare environments.

    • Biotechnology R&D: Use science to improve healthcare.

    • Health Informatics: Manage patient-related services.

Unit 3: Wellness & Disease Prevention

  • Common Injury in Healthcare: Back injury.

  • Definitions:

    • Passiveness: Avoids confrontation in groups.

    • Aggressive: Forceful behavior that harms communication.

    • Assertiveness: Healthy communication of thoughts/feelings.

  • Body Mechanics Principles:

    • Stable center of gravity, wide base of support.

Unit 4: Data Science & Measurement

  • Conversions:

    • 130 lbs = 59.09 kg

    • 70 kg = 154 lbs

    • 12 ounces = 360 mL

    • 4 inches = 10 cm

Unit 5: Safety in Healthcare

  • Importance of Safety: Improves environment and quality of care.

  • Definitions:

    • Substance Abuse: Chronic misuse impacting functioning.

    • Negligence: Failure to use reasonable care.

Unit 6: Medical Law/Ethics

  • Informed Consent: Patient's permission for treatment after being informed.

  • Negligence and Malpractice: Legal implications of improper care.

  • Patient Bill of Rights: Standards ensuring fair treatment and confidentiality.

Unit 7: Health Science Technology Equipment

  • Key Devices:

    • Water Bath: Maintains temperature for samples.

    • Autoclave: Sterilizes equipment using heat/pressure.

    • MRI: High-quality images using magnetism/radio waves.

    • X-ray: Visualizes internal structures using radiation.

    • PET Scan: Detects body functions and conditions with radioactive material.