Neurons

Brain structure refers to the physical parts of the brain, including tissues, connections, and different regions.

Brain function includes activities like sensory processing, movement, emotions, and thinking (memory, attention, reasoning).

Neurons (nerve cells)

Neuron’s are cells that carry messages in the nervous system and communicate with other nieurous, muscles and glands.

Parts of a neuron

• cell body (soma) → contains the nucleus and controls the neuron Dendrites → recieve signals from other nevrous

• Axon → carries electrical impulses away from the cell body

• axon terminals → release neurotransmitters

• synapse → gap between neurons where signals pass

Myelin sheath

The myelin sheath is a fatty covering around the axon.

• acts as a insulator

• protect the neuron

• increases speed of nerve impulses

Synapse

Types of neurons

1. Sensory neurous

• carry information from senses organs to the CNS

• Example: detecting light or heat

2. Motor neurous

• carry messages from the CNS to muscles and organs : example: closing your eyes

3. Interneurous

• connect sensory and motor neurous

• found in the CNS

• help process information

Important point

sensory+ motor neurous usually have a myelin sheath

•interneurous usually do not (because they work over short distances)