APES 3.6-3.9 Notes
Age Structure Diagrams: They contain the distribution of males and females according to their groups.
- Triangle Shaped Pyramid:
- Population is growing rapidly
- Developing country
- Low access to sanitation, medication, and nutrition
- House Shaped Pyramid:
- Population is growing slowly, or not at all
- Developed country
- High access to sanitation, medication, and nutrition
- Diamond Shaped Diagram
- Population is declining
TFR: How many kids a woman has over her lifetime
Factors that influence TFR:
- Age
- Education
- Access to Family Planning
- IMR is directly related to TFR
RLF: number of children a couple needs to replace themselves (more than 2)
Math Equations:
- Growth Rate = ((B+I)-(D+E))/(Total Population) x 100
- Growth Rate = ((CBR)-(CDR)+(Net Migration))/10
- Doubling time = 70/Growth Rate
Impact = (Population) (Affluence) (Technology)
Demographic transition : the process in which a country transitions from a developing country to a developed country.
| Phase 1 Pre-Industrial | Phase 2 Transitional | Phase 3 Industrial | Phase 4 Post-Industrial | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social-economic trends | Very low access to sanitation, medication, and nutrition | Limited access to sanitation, medication, and nutrition | High access to sanitation, medication, and nutrition | High access to sanitation, medication, and nutrition |
| Growth Rate (r) | Zero population growth (ZPG) | Exponential Growth | Slow Population Growth | Declining Population |
| Age Structure Pyramid | House Shaped | Triangle Shaped | Narrow Triangle Shaped | Upside down Triangle or Diamond Shaped |
| Example countries | None | IndiaAlgeriaHaiti | United StatesAustraliaEngland | JapanGermanyItaly |
| CBR & CDR trends | Really high CDRReally high CBR | CDR dropsCBR stays high | CDR lowCBR drop | CBR drops below CDR |