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Term 1: Photosynthesis
Definition 1: The process by which plants and other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose.
Term 2: Chloroplasts
Definition 2: Organelles within plant cells where photosynthesis occurs.
Term 3: Chlorophyll
Definition 3: The green pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy.
Term 4: Stomata
Definition 4: Small pores on the surface of leaves that allow for gas exchange (carbon dioxide in, oxygen out).
Term 5: Light-dependent reactions
Definition 5: The initial set of reactions in photosynthesis where light energy is captured and used to create ATP and NADPH.
Term 6: Light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle)
Definition 6: The second set of reactions in photosynthesis, also known as the Calvin cycle, where carbon dioxide is fixed and converted into glucose.
Term 7: Carbon fixation
Definition 7: The process of converting inorganic carbon (carbon dioxide) into organic compounds (glucose).
Term 8: ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
Definition 8: An energy-carrying molecule used in cells; produced in the light-dependent reactions.
Term 9: NADPH
Definition 9: A reducing agent that carries high-energy electrons; produced in the light-dependent reactions.
Term 10: RuBP (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate)
Definition 10: A five-carbon molecule involved in carbon fixation in the Calvin cycle.
Term 11: Rubisco (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase)
Definition 11: An enzyme that catalyzes the carboxylation of RuBP in the Calvin cycle.
Term 12: 3-PGA (3-phosphoglycerate)
Definition 12: The three-carbon molecule that is the first stable intermediate in the Calvin cycle.
Term 13: undefined
Definition 13: A three-carbon sugar that is the