Lecture_1

Introduction to Digital Computers

• Definition: Digital computers are electronic devices that accept, process, and output data in digitized form.

• Types: They can be classified as:

  • General purpose machines: Used for a variety of tasks.

  • Special purpose machines: Designed for specific applications.

Components of Digital Computers

System Architecture

• Basic Components:

  • Hardware: The physical components.

  • Software: The programs and applications.

Block Diagram of Computer System

• Key Components:

  • CPU (Central Processing Unit)

    • CU (Control Unit): Manages system operations.

    • ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit): Performs calculations and logical operations.

  • Input/Output Devices: For data entry and result display.

  • Storage: Holds data temporarily or permanently.

Computer Hardware

• Main Hardware Blocks:

  • Memory Unit (MU): Stores data and instructions.