Sepoy Rebellion and British Colonial Rule

The Sepoy Rebellion

• The Sepoy Rebellion left a legacy of fear, hatred, and mistrust on both sides (British and Indians).
• It led to major changes in British policy.

Shift in Governance

• In 1858, the British Parliament dissolved the East India Company.
• India was placed directly under the British crown.
• Increased deployment of British troops in India.
• Indians were taxed to cover the costs of these occupying forces.
• The pace of reforms that had upset Hindus and Muslims slowed down.
• Continued development of India primarily focused on Britain's economic advantage.

The British Raj

• After 1858, the British established a system of colonial rule known as the British Raj.
• A British viceroy governed India on behalf of the Queen.
• Key positions in civil service and the army were held by British officials.
• Most other jobs were filled by Indians (indicating a level of cooperation).
• The British considered India the "brightest jewel" in their empire.

British Policies and Modernization

• British policies aimed to integrate India into the broader British economy.
• British officials believed they were aiding India's modernization.
• Modernization, in their view, meant adopting Western technology and Western culture.

Unequal Partnership

• Britain viewed India as both a market for British goods and a source of raw materials.
• The British invested in infrastructure like roads and a significant railroad network.
• Improved transportation facilitated the sale of British products in India.