AP Gov Unit 3 Vocab
Directions
Each Vocabulary entry is 1 point;
Vocab is required. Vocab quizzes can either be a definition or an example.
Rules for vocab:
The definitions should be thorough, but concise (complete sentences are not necessary, but complete responses are). Be careful of paraphrasing, Please keep this list handy so that you can reference it for future vocab.
Use your Edwards textbook, Google, or www.dictionary.com or other scholarly source (cite if another source was used) to define and draw an illustration of the following terms in either a table or notecard format. NO Quizlet - They may use a different definition.
Term | Definition | Optional but Recommended Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Policies intended to address workplace and educational disparities related to race, ethnic origin, gender, disability, and age; Supreme Court debate has focused on whether affirmative action is protected by the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment to the Constitution | |
| Protect individuals from discrimination based on characteristics such as race, national origin, religion, and sex; these rights are guaranteed to all persons under the due process and equal protection clauses of the US Constitution, as well as acts of Congress | |
| Constitutionally established guarantees and freedoms that protect citizens, opinions, and property against arbitrary government inference | |
| Consists of the first ten amendments to the Constitution, which enumerate the liberties and rights of individuals, and is specifically designed to protect individual liberties and rights; application of the Bill of Rights is continuously interpreted by the courts | |
| The Supreme Court’s power to determine the constitutionality of a congressional law, executive action, or state law or state court decision | |
| Doctrine that imposed limitations on state regulation of civil liberties by extending select protections of the Bill of Rights to the states through the due process clause of the 14th amendment | |
| Prohibits the establishment of an official religion by the government | |
| Guarantees freedom of conscience and prohibits the government from interfering in religious belief | |
| Nonverbal action that communicates an idea or belief | |
| a risk or threat to safety or other public interests that is serious and imminent. especially : one that justifies limitation of a right (as freedom of speech or press) by the legislative or executive branch of government. | |
| State that the government may not infringe on a person’s right to life liberty, or property without due process of law | |
| Requires accused perspns to be inforned of some procedural protections found in the 5th and 6th amendment prior to interrogation | |
| Congressional legislation enacted in the wake of 9/11 designed to expand surveillance abilities of law enforcement, facilitate interagency communication, and increase penalties of acts of terrorism | |
| Stipulates that evidence illegally siezed by law enforcement officers in violation of the suspect’s Fourth Amendment rights (including the right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures) cannot be used agaisnt that suspect in criminal prosecution | |
| A governmental body may not deny people equal protection of its governing laws | |
| A feminist organization which lobbies for gender equality | |
| Prohibits sex discrimintaion in any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance | |
| Prohibits discrimination in public places, provides for the integration of schools and other public facilities, and makes employment discrimination illegal | |
| A nonviolent social movement and campaign from 1954 to 1968 to abolish legalized racial segregagtion, descrimination, and disenfranchiesement throughout the US | |
| Prohibits racial discrimination in voting | |
| A letter by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr stating people have a moral responsibility to brak unjust laws and take direct action instead of waiting for social and racial justice through the court system; “injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere” | |
| A nonviolent social movement and campaign during the 1960s and 1970s to address gender equality and discrimination with a focus on equal employment and pay, reproductive rights, and discrimination in employment and education | |
| A feminist organization which lobbies for gender equality | |
| Political and social rights for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender individuals; gains have been made for same sex activities and behaviors, same sex-marriage, and discrimination in employment; opposition to transgender and gender identity continues | |
| An anti-abotion movement based on moral and religious grounds supporting legal resitrictions and prohibitions on aboitions with many believing life begins at conception | |
| A movement supporting the view that women should have the legal right to an elective abortion based on a recognized right to privacy | |
| State laws and Supreme Court decisions restricting African American access to the same restaurants, hotels, schools etc., as the majority while population | |
minority districting | Drawing an electoral district in which the majority of constituents are racial or ethnic minorities | |
| Prohibits sex discrimintaion in any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance | |
| Used by the Supreme Court to examine whether government laws and actions are arbitrary infringements of individual rights | |
| Recognized constitutionally protected rights that are not explicitly listed in the Bill of Rights; include the right to privacy | |
| A recognized constitutionally protected right not explicitly named in the Constitution; interpreted by the Supreme Court to be granted by the Due Process clause in Griswold v. Connecticut | |
| Regulations that impose restrictions such as limits on the time of day an event can be held, limits on where an event can be held, and limits on the noise levels at an event | |
| The Jim Crow South was the era during which local and state laws enforced the legal segregation of white and black citizens from the 1870s into the 1960s. Under the Jim Crow system, “whites only” and “colored” signs proliferated across the South at water fountains, restrooms, bus waiting areas, movie theaters, swimming pools, and public schools. | |
| Government power to make law and an individual’s right to religious freedom through the Establishment Clause and Free Exercise Clause; freedom of speech; freedom of the press | |
| Right to bear arms | |
| The right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures | |
| Due process clause in the Fifth Amendment applies to the national government | |
| The right to legal counsel, speedy and public trial, and an impartial jury | |
| Cruel and unusual punishment; Supreme Court interpretations of the 8th Amendment have applied to death penalty status | |
| States that individuals have protected rights beyond those listed in the first 8 amendments; some argue it provides support for the existence of unenumerated rights | |
| Due Process Clause and Equal Protection Clause as applied to the states; granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the US, including formerly enslaved people | |
| Any male can vote regardless of race | |
| Gives women the right to vote | |
| Elimination of poll taxes | |
| Speech that strongly offends the prevalent morality of the time and society | |
| Language that harms the reputation of another | |
| Written communication of defamation | |
39. USA Freedom Act | Congressional legislation intended to limit bulk collection of telecommunication metadata on the US citizens by American intelligence agencies and end secret laws of FISA courts | |
| School sponsorship of religious activities violates the Establishement Clause of the 1st Amendment | |
| Compelling Amish students to attend school past the eight grade violates the Free Exercise Clause of the 1st Amendment | |
| The 1961 Supreme Court decision ruling that the 4th Amendment’s protection against unreasonable searchnes and seizures must be extended to the states | |
| A prohibition against public schools wearing black armbands in school to protest the Vietman War violated the students’ freedom of speech protections in the 1st Amendment | |
| Speech creating a “clear andf present danger” was not protected by the 1st Amendment and could be limited | |
| Declared that race-based school segregation violates the 14th amendment’s equal protection clause; overturned Plessy v. Ferguson | |
| The Court ordered that schools undertake desegregation with “all deliberate speed.” from Brown v. Board | |
| The Supreme Court held that the application of substansive due process further extended the privacy right to abortion | |
| The Supreme COurt interpreted the Due Process clause to protect the right of privacy from government infrimgement | |
| Overturned Roe v. Wade, holding that the Constitution does not confer a right to abortion, leaving decisions about the regulation of abortion to legislators | |
| A 1978 Supreme Court decision holding that a state university may weigh race or ethnic backgrounds as one element in admissions but may not set aside places for members of a particular racial group | |
| In this case, the 6th Amendment’s right to an attorney extends procedural due process protections to felony defendants in state courts | |
| This case bolstered the freedom of the press protections of the 1st Amendment, establishing a “heavy presumption against prior restraint” even in cases involving national security | |
| The 2nd Amendment right to keep and bear arms for self-defense is applicable to the states |
Directions
Each Vocabulary entry is 1 point;
Vocab is required. Vocab quizzes can either be a definition or an example.
Rules for vocab:
The definitions should be thorough, but concise (complete sentences are not necessary, but complete responses are). Be careful of paraphrasing, Please keep this list handy so that you can reference it for future vocab.
Use your Edwards textbook, Google, or www.dictionary.com or other scholarly source (cite if another source was used) to define and draw an illustration of the following terms in either a table or notecard format. NO Quizlet - They may use a different definition.
Term | Definition | Optional but Recommended Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Policies intended to address workplace and educational disparities related to race, ethnic origin, gender, disability, and age; Supreme Court debate has focused on whether affirmative action is protected by the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment to the Constitution | |
| Protect individuals from discrimination based on characteristics such as race, national origin, religion, and sex; these rights are guaranteed to all persons under the due process and equal protection clauses of the US Constitution, as well as acts of Congress | |
| Constitutionally established guarantees and freedoms that protect citizens, opinions, and property against arbitrary government inference | |
| Consists of the first ten amendments to the Constitution, which enumerate the liberties and rights of individuals, and is specifically designed to protect individual liberties and rights; application of the Bill of Rights is continuously interpreted by the courts | |
| The Supreme Court’s power to determine the constitutionality of a congressional law, executive action, or state law or state court decision | |
| Doctrine that imposed limitations on state regulation of civil liberties by extending select protections of the Bill of Rights to the states through the due process clause of the 14th amendment | |
| Prohibits the establishment of an official religion by the government | |
| Guarantees freedom of conscience and prohibits the government from interfering in religious belief | |
| Nonverbal action that communicates an idea or belief | |
| a risk or threat to safety or other public interests that is serious and imminent. especially : one that justifies limitation of a right (as freedom of speech or press) by the legislative or executive branch of government. | |
| State that the government may not infringe on a person’s right to life liberty, or property without due process of law | |
| Requires accused perspns to be inforned of some procedural protections found in the 5th and 6th amendment prior to interrogation | |
| Congressional legislation enacted in the wake of 9/11 designed to expand surveillance abilities of law enforcement, facilitate interagency communication, and increase penalties of acts of terrorism | |
| Stipulates that evidence illegally siezed by law enforcement officers in violation of the suspect’s Fourth Amendment rights (including the right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures) cannot be used agaisnt that suspect in criminal prosecution | |
| A governmental body may not deny people equal protection of its governing laws | |
| A feminist organization which lobbies for gender equality | |
| Prohibits sex discrimintaion in any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance | |
| Prohibits discrimination in public places, provides for the integration of schools and other public facilities, and makes employment discrimination illegal | |
| A nonviolent social movement and campaign from 1954 to 1968 to abolish legalized racial segregagtion, descrimination, and disenfranchiesement throughout the US | |
| Prohibits racial discrimination in voting | |
| A letter by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr stating people have a moral responsibility to brak unjust laws and take direct action instead of waiting for social and racial justice through the court system; “injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere” | |
| A nonviolent social movement and campaign during the 1960s and 1970s to address gender equality and discrimination with a focus on equal employment and pay, reproductive rights, and discrimination in employment and education | |
| A feminist organization which lobbies for gender equality | |
| Political and social rights for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender individuals; gains have been made for same sex activities and behaviors, same sex-marriage, and discrimination in employment; opposition to transgender and gender identity continues | |
| An anti-abotion movement based on moral and religious grounds supporting legal resitrictions and prohibitions on aboitions with many believing life begins at conception | |
| A movement supporting the view that women should have the legal right to an elective abortion based on a recognized right to privacy | |
| State laws and Supreme Court decisions restricting African American access to the same restaurants, hotels, schools etc., as the majority while population | |
minority districting | Drawing an electoral district in which the majority of constituents are racial or ethnic minorities | |
| Prohibits sex discrimintaion in any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance | |
| Used by the Supreme Court to examine whether government laws and actions are arbitrary infringements of individual rights | |
| Recognized constitutionally protected rights that are not explicitly listed in the Bill of Rights; include the right to privacy | |
| A recognized constitutionally protected right not explicitly named in the Constitution; interpreted by the Supreme Court to be granted by the Due Process clause in Griswold v. Connecticut | |
| Regulations that impose restrictions such as limits on the time of day an event can be held, limits on where an event can be held, and limits on the noise levels at an event | |
| The Jim Crow South was the era during which local and state laws enforced the legal segregation of white and black citizens from the 1870s into the 1960s. Under the Jim Crow system, “whites only” and “colored” signs proliferated across the South at water fountains, restrooms, bus waiting areas, movie theaters, swimming pools, and public schools. | |
| Government power to make law and an individual’s right to religious freedom through the Establishment Clause and Free Exercise Clause; freedom of speech; freedom of the press | |
| Right to bear arms | |
| The right to be free from unreasonable searches and seizures | |
| Due process clause in the Fifth Amendment applies to the national government | |
| The right to legal counsel, speedy and public trial, and an impartial jury | |
| Cruel and unusual punishment; Supreme Court interpretations of the 8th Amendment have applied to death penalty status | |
| States that individuals have protected rights beyond those listed in the first 8 amendments; some argue it provides support for the existence of unenumerated rights | |
| Due Process Clause and Equal Protection Clause as applied to the states; granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the US, including formerly enslaved people | |
| Any male can vote regardless of race | |
| Gives women the right to vote | |
| Elimination of poll taxes | |
| Speech that strongly offends the prevalent morality of the time and society | |
| Language that harms the reputation of another | |
| Written communication of defamation | |
39. USA Freedom Act | Congressional legislation intended to limit bulk collection of telecommunication metadata on the US citizens by American intelligence agencies and end secret laws of FISA courts | |
| School sponsorship of religious activities violates the Establishement Clause of the 1st Amendment | |
| Compelling Amish students to attend school past the eight grade violates the Free Exercise Clause of the 1st Amendment | |
| The 1961 Supreme Court decision ruling that the 4th Amendment’s protection against unreasonable searchnes and seizures must be extended to the states | |
| A prohibition against public schools wearing black armbands in school to protest the Vietman War violated the students’ freedom of speech protections in the 1st Amendment | |
| Speech creating a “clear andf present danger” was not protected by the 1st Amendment and could be limited | |
| Declared that race-based school segregation violates the 14th amendment’s equal protection clause; overturned Plessy v. Ferguson | |
| The Court ordered that schools undertake desegregation with “all deliberate speed.” from Brown v. Board | |
| The Supreme Court held that the application of substansive due process further extended the privacy right to abortion | |
| The Supreme COurt interpreted the Due Process clause to protect the right of privacy from government infrimgement | |
| Overturned Roe v. Wade, holding that the Constitution does not confer a right to abortion, leaving decisions about the regulation of abortion to legislators | |
| A 1978 Supreme Court decision holding that a state university may weigh race or ethnic backgrounds as one element in admissions but may not set aside places for members of a particular racial group | |
| In this case, the 6th Amendment’s right to an attorney extends procedural due process protections to felony defendants in state courts | |
| This case bolstered the freedom of the press protections of the 1st Amendment, establishing a “heavy presumption against prior restraint” even in cases involving national security | |
| The 2nd Amendment right to keep and bear arms for self-defense is applicable to the states |
