Computer Systems: Types of Computer Systems

Hardware 

Hardware is the physical components that make up a computer 

Software 

Software are the instructions that control the computer's physical components 

Embedded system 

Computer systems that are built in to another device to support their operation and have specific software (firmware) burned onto their chips 

General-purpose  

computer system 

Computer systems that can perform many tasks and have replaceable software, for example a PC or Mac (desktop or laptop), tablet, or smartphone 

 

The purpose of embedded systems: 

Embedded systems are computer systems that are built in to another device to perform a specific function such as monitoring and controlling components within the host appliance.  Embedded systems are usually built into larger appliances or devices.

Benefits of embedded systems: 

  • very reliable 

  • cheap to mass-produce 

  • energy efficient 

Downsides: 

  • Because the processing instructions (called "firmware") are fixed in an embedded system, it can be difficult to update if a bug is discovered. 

  • More difficult to write software for embedded systems as programmers need to have a good technical understanding of the exact system and programs are usually written using "low level" instructions.