Culture Vocabulary:

• • Globalization Definition: the development of a global or worldwide society in which people, money, information, and goods flow freely across national borders through trade and business.

  • Cultural Diffusion Definition: process by which cultural is spread

  • Indigenous Definition: originating in a particular region

  • Multicultural Definition: inclusion of a variety of cultures

Oceans & Continents

• The Seven Continents

  • 1. North America

  • 2. South America

  • 3. Australia

  • 4. Antarctica

  • 5. Europe

  • 6. Asia

  • 7. Africa

• The Five Oceans

  • 1. Arctic Ocean

  • 2. Antarctic Ocean

  • 3. Pacific Ocean

  • 4. Southern Ocean

  • 5. Indian Ocean

Biomes:

• 1. Grassland/Steppe/Chaparral:

  • Description: Often found in the interior of continents, has short and tall grasses, trees, and shrubs, and they have a temperate or mild climate.

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• 2. Temperate Deciduous Forest:

  • Description: Found in tropical and polar regions, variety of trees and shrubs, and has a temperate or mild climate.

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• 3. Tundra:

  • Description: Found near polar regions, cold and dry climate, small grasses, shrubs, and frozen soil, large mammals, migratory birds in spring and summer.

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• 4. Tropical Rainforest:

  • Description: Found near the equator, warm climate with wet and dry seasons, wide variety of plants and animals

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• 5. Desert:

  • Description: Found near tropical and polar regions. Small shrubs and grasses due to lack of water. Very few small mammals because of the dry hot climate.

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Economic Systems

• 1. Capitalism:

  • a. WHAT: People are in control of what is being produced, with less government rules or control

• 2. Socialism:

  • a. WHAT: Government runs some industries, such as oil, and uses profits to pay for health care and education

• 3. Communism:

  • a. WHAT: the government runs all industries, owns all property, sets wages and prices, and people must do what they are told

Physical Features of North America

• Great Lakes

  • Largest group of freshwater lakes in North America and on Earth

  • The five lakes are between the United States and Canada and can be remembered by HOMES: Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie and Superior

• Rocky Mountains

  • The Largest mountain range in North America, and runs 3000 miles from Alaska to New Mexico

  • Contains the Continental Divide, which determines the directional flow of rivers in North America

• Appalachian Mountains

  • The oldest and second largest mountain range in North America.

  • Runs from eastern Canada to Alabama in the Southeast US

• Great Plains

  • Located west of the Mississippi River and east of the Rocky Mountains

  • Flat land full of grasslands and used as farmland in the United States.

• Mississippi River

  • One of the largest rivers in North America

  • Runs from down the center of the United States and into the Gulf of Mexico at the port city of New Orleans

Physical Features of South America:

• Yucatan Peninsula

  • A peninsula is a piece of land projecting out into a body of water

  • The Yucatan Peninsula separates the Gulf of Mexico from the Caribbean Sea, and was home to the Mayan civilization

• Andes Mountain

  • the Andes Mountain range is the second longest mountain range in the world and the longest in South America

  • the Andes mountains run down the west coast of South America and were home to the Inca civilization

• Amazon River

  • the Amazon River is the second largest river in the world and the largest in South America

  • over 1000 tributaries (a river or lake flowing into a larger river or lake) feed into the Amazon

• Amazon Rainforest

  • The Amazon Rainforest is on the equator and has a tropical wet climate

  • The Amazon River runs through the Middle of the Rainforest and, it is one of the most biodiverse places in the world

Europe:

• 1. What percentage of the infected population of Europe was killed during the Bubonic Plague?

  • 30 to 70 percent of the population that was infected died.

• 2. Why did the Reformation occur?

  • People were unhappy with how the church was ran.

• 3. What was a major problem with the alliance system prior to World War I?

  • A small fight could turn into a huge war.

• 4. Which three countries teamed up, fought together and were known as the Allies in World War II?

  • The United States, Great Britain, and France were known as the Allies.

Russia:

• 5. What was the Silk Road?

  • An ancient trade route that linked the Western world with the Middle East and Asia.

• 6. Prior to the Russian Revolution and the rise of communism in 1917, Russia was led by emperors. What were these emperors called?

  • They were called Czar or Tsar.

• 7. What was the Cold War?

  • The Cold War was a period of tension and fear of nuclear war between the United States