Tourism 1.3

  1. Exploration Stage

  • Minimal contributions to the economy

  • Has irregular visits and attracts a few adventurer tourists.

  • Lacks tourism facilities and has a natural, unspoiled environment.

  • May have cultural and heritage values and landmarks

→ For example, (HUSH) In Jaco Island at Timor Leste, there are few international visitors that visit the island due to its inaccessible location and lack of tourism facilities which bring inconvenience to tourists. However, it houses the only national park in the country that has attractive beaches,

  1. Involvement Stage

  • Has more contributions to the economy

  • Starts to have non-peak and peak seasons throughout the year

  • There is more advertisement for the destination.

  • There is a rise in facilities and transport being provided in the country.

  • Goods and Services are provided by the locals , and the government maintains the facilities.

→ For example, (GUEST) Kuang Si Waterfalls: The government/authorities in the region have invested money into Kuang Si Waterfalls in order to upgrade their facilities. There was an increase in the number of travel agencies and transport providers, which helped to enhance the location’s accessibility, allowing people in the city to easily get to the waterfall. There was also an increase in the number of tourists visiting the area.

  1. Development Stage

The place has been heavily advertised and is being recognized as a tourist destination.

  • Even more tourists start coming to the location

  • The tourism sector starts employing a significant number of the population.

  • Labor from other parts of the country will be attracted to work in the particular region where tourism is booming.

  • Number of attractions built will increase and more large businesses will build more elaborate facilities and attractions. There is also an increase in medium and small businesses.

→ For example, the Phu Quoc Island in Vietnam. The government had invested money into building an international seaport and airport in the area which attracted large businesses within the tourism industry which caused the tourism sector to employ a significant number of the population. In 2019, tourism arrivals increased up to 5.1 million arrivals that year.

  1. Consolidation Stage

  • The total arrivals of tourists begin to slow down. But they start to outnumber the local population.

  • Number of attractions built is lesser.

  • They continue to employ a significant amount of the population

  • It dominates the local economy.

  • Majority of the businesses and hotels are owned by multinational companies supporting many tourists

    → For example, (COAST) Goa in India, where in 2019, the local population began to be outnumbered by the number of tourists in the country. The tourism sector employs a significant amount of the population. Companies such as Marriot International own hotels such as Westin Goa and W Goa.

  1. Stagnation Stage

  • Tourism arrivals have peaked and start to slow down as the region starts to exceed carrying capacity.

  • Areas may become old and rundown and may end up with negative effects

  • Location becomes less attractive.

→ For example, (CROWD) Tourist arrivals in Waikiki began to decline from 1990s to the 2000s. It is a major tourist destination which had become overcrowded and the facilities and attractions become old and run down and were in need of renovations in order to continue functioning.

  1. Decline

  • Tourist Arrivals start to decline if further action is not taken to revive the station.

  • Less money is available to contribute to the economy and the ability to maintain and improve facilities deteriorate leading to lesser tourists.

For example, in the 1990s, Blackpool was a famous coastal tourist destination which attracted many people. However, it started to decline in tourist arrivals as many other European countries started offering more competitive prices. With fewer tourists, many inns had to shut down due to the lack of visitors.

  1. Rejuvenation

  • Destination becomes revived as the destination is revamped and rebranded as new investments come to upgrade the facilities and amenities.

→ For example, Blackpool in the 2000s, the authorities engaged the private sector to invest $300 million into rebranding and renovating Blackpool to become a world-class leisure development, aiming to attract at least 600 000 tourists annually. They rebranded themselves as a Muslim-friendly and Disabled-Friendly attraction and location.