Chapter 19 MDA Disease Transmission & Infection Prevention

What is the most common route of contamination?

1. Direct contact

The term for acquiring an infection through mucosal tissues is ___.

1. Droplet infection

What infection control measures help prevent disease transmission from the dental team to the patient?

1. Gloves, hand washing, masks

The purpose of the OSHA Blood-borne Pathogen Standard is to___.

1. Protect employees

How often must the Exposure Control Plan be reviewed and updated ?

1. Annually

Standard Precautions are used to ____.

1. Protect healthcare providers from pathogens that can be spread by blood or any other body fluid, excretion, or secretion.

What agency has recently released infection control guidelines?

1. CDC; Centers for Disease Control & Prevention

Which type of allergic reaction can result in death?

1. Type I reactions

Does Irritant dermatitis involve the immune system?

1. No, the immune system is NOT involved.

What must an employee do if he/she doesn't want the Hep B vaccine?

1. Sign an informed refusal form

What determines the type of PPE that should be worn?

1. Risk of exposure

An example of protective eyewear is___.

1. Side shields

Exam gloves are worn for

1. All clinical procedures.

When should utility gloves be worn?

1. When disinfecting the treatment area & when preparing instruments for sterilization.

What type of gloves should be worn to open drawers during a dental procedure?

1. Overgloves

What type of immunity results from a vaccination?

1. Artificial Active Immunity

What type of infection is of long duration?

1. Chronic infection

Touching or contact with a contaminated surface or instrument is called?

1. Indirect Contact

What type of immunity occurs when a person has contracted and is recovering from a disease

1. Natural Active Immunity

What are the Guidelines based on treating all human blood and body fluids (including saliva) as potentially infectious called?

1. Universal Precautions

Strength of a pathogen's ability to cause disease is called?

1. Virulence

The symptoms "come and go". An example is herpes simplex 1.

1. Latent

This infection is a long duration and could last for life.

1. Chronic

Is MRSA a bacterial infection or virus?

1. Bacterial Infection

A communicable disease is capable of what?

1. Being infectious

Which type of transmission involves touching the lesion or contact with blood and/or body fluid?

1. Direct

What does the term "virulence" mean?

1. Strength of the organism

What type of immunity is produced by vaccines?

1. Artificial

Which agency is a REGULATORY agencies. Rules have to be followed.

1. OSHA

Is a single celled organism.

1. Bacteria

This is a characteristic of a VIRUS

1. Has cell specificty

NOT characteristics of a Virus

1. Gram Positive

2. Can be killed by antibiotic

3. round , rod, spiral shaped

What does the CDC stand for?

1. Center for Disease Control

Which type of transmission involves aerosol droplets?

1. Airborne

Which is charateristic of a Bacteria

1. Can have a capsule

NOT characteristics of a Bacteria

1. needs a host cell

2. Can’t be killed by antibiotic

3. Smallest microorganism

The first link in the chain of infection is

1. Pathogen / Infectious Agent

The Chain of Infection has ____________________links

1. 6

1. Percutaneous is spread through the ___. Permucosal is spread through __________.

1. skin, mucous membranes of the mouth, eye, and nose

An example of natural passive immunity

1. Passed through the Placenta

Active Artificial Immunity is?

1. immunization

what is an opportunistic infection?

1. infection that occurs as a secondary infection.

Asymptomatic means?

1. showing no signs or symptoms of illness or infection