World religions review
Hinduism | Buddhism | Confucianism | Judaism | Christianity | Islam | ||
Time and Place of Origin? | 1500 BC India | 541 BC India | 581 BC China | 1800 BC Israel The Middle East | 0 Israel The Middle East | 622 AD Mecca (Saudi Arabia today) Middle East | |
Significant individuals/founders? | None | Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha) | Kong Fuzi (Confucius) | Abraham Moses | JESUS Mary mother Peter 1st Pope Paul spread it | Muhammad The Prophet | |
How many gods? | Polytheistic (many gods) | No gods | None-it is a philosophy, not a religion | 1 God with a capital G (monotheistic) | 1 God (Belief in the holy Trinity) | 1 God with a capital G (monotheistic) | |
Holy books? | Vedas | Sayings of the Buddha (Triptaka) | Sayings of Confucius (The Analects) | Torah (Old Testament= History/Laws of the Jewish people) | Bible (OT/NT) (NT=the story of Jesus life and spread of early Church) | Q’uran Koran Hadiths | |
Hinduism | Buddhism | Confucianism | Judaism | Christianity | Islam | ||
Code of conduct? | Follow your dharma,create good karma | 8 Fold Path Meditation | The Five Primary Relationships | 10 Commandments (act with civility and 1 God) | Love one another and love God above all else and 10 Commandments. | 5 Pillars of Islam | |
Afterlife? | Good karma= reincarnation up the caste system until moksha (release into the Universal Spirit) | Meditate to reach Enlightenment & end suffering on earth. NIRVANA=final destination. | It is a philosophy about how to act during your life on earth with virtue. | JUDGEMENT DAY. Unknown destination until the just are raised.The MITZVAH (LIFE) is most important. | JUDGEMENT DAY. Heaven and Hell (Purgatory for Catholics) | JUDGEMENT DAY. Heaven and Hell Islam Key Beliefs: -Allah is God and Muhammad is his final Prophet | |
List Key Beliefs: | Hinduism
| Buddhism -Desire causes suffering =8-Fold Path can end desire and suffering -Meditation -Reincarnation -ahimsa -Siddhartha Gautama, The Buddha -Enlightenment -Nirvana | Confucianism -Know & do what is expected to bring order to society -Lead a virtuous life -Respect leaders -5 Primary Relationships -Filial piety=respect for parents “Do not do unto others as you would not have done to yourself.” | Judaism -Keep 10 commandments and get the Promised Land (all of the Jews, not just an individual goal) -Live a good life/be a good man or woman -Israel is The Promised Land given to them by God -Jews are Gods chosen people, and a Messiah will come to save them and raise the dead and reward the just/punish the unjust. | Christianity -Jesus=Messiah -1 God (same God for Muslims and Jews) -Sunday=day of rest -Prayer and 7 sacraments -Forgiveness and redemption -Heaven & Hell -One non-negotiable Belief for Christians is that Jesus is the messiah. Believe and go to Heaven. | -Do not make an image of Allah or the Prophet -5 Pillars of Islam:including -1x in a lifetime hajj to Mecca - Pray 5x a day facing Mecca, the Qibla -charity -Fasting to develop steadfastness -Heaven and Hell -Jews and Muslims are “People of the Book” -Obtain knowledge | |
EXPLAIN IMPACT ON THE REGION &/OR THE WORLD: | Positive effects: 1)Hindus practice ahimsa, non-violence which led to them being vegetarians and believing the cow is holy. 2) The caste system which originated in the Vedas assures that society is orderly and all the necessary jobs get done. Negative effects: CASTE SYSTEM -discrimination, -violence - missed opportunities -extreme poverty.
2) Hinduism also led to extreme pollution. -impoverished people living outside of cities -the Ganges River -Hindus believe that if you bathe, drink from, and are buried in the Ganges, it is a short cut to moksha. | Not much of an impact, but POSITIVE!!!!
| POSITIVE EFFECTS:
Negative Effects: 1) Women inferior 2) Confucianism led neatly to Communism and an oppressive Chinese Government that did not put the needs of the people first in the 20th century. (Both systems say to follow the leader/do not question authority.) | NEGATIVE EFFECTS:
Examples:
| Most practiced religion in the world today. Causes both peace and conflict. The Crusades are an example of war waged over religion, in this case between Christians and Muslims over control of the holy land for both, Israel. Catholics still look to the Pope for spiritual direction and guidance. Christians go to church and pray to ask for forgiveness. They believe in charitable giving and missionary work to convert others. Christmas and Easter celebrate the birth and death/resurrection of Jesus and are practiced across the world by both Christians and non-believers. | Second most practiced religion in the world today. Causes both peace and conflict. The Muslims formed an expansive empire on the trade routes. Knowledge and religion both moved along the trade routes throughout the empire, influencing many cultures. The empire was known for its centers of learning in Baghdad, Cordoba, Samarkand. The Muslims were also the first to reach west Africa. The Crusades are an example of war waged over religion, in this case between Christians and Muslims over control of the holy land for both, Israel. Control of Constantinople from 1453 on made western Europeans sail off on voyages of discovery, which led to the discovery of America! Religious conflict still rages between Muslims, Jews and Christians in the Middle East over religious beliefs and scarce resources. |