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Important Terms

• Theodosius: Emperor who made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire.

• James: Brother of Jesus and Bishop of Jerusalem.

• Roman-Jewish War: A conflict that resulted in the destruction of Jerusalem and the Jewish Temple.

• Pax Romana: A period of relative peace and stability in the Roman Empire.

Key Figures

• Jesus: The central figure of Christianity.

• Peter: One of Jesus' twelve apostles and the Apostle to the Jews.

• Paul: A former Jewish leader who became the Apostle to the Gentiles after his conversion.

• James: Brother of Jesus and Bishop of Jerusalem, prominent in early Christian leadership.

• Herod: A Jewish king who collaborated with the Romans and rebuilt the Jewish Temple in 37 BCE.

• Constantine: The Roman emperor who made Christianity a legal religion and provided governmental support to the church.

Definitions

• Martyr: Someone who dies for their faith.

• Apostle: A person who is sent to spread the teachings of Jesus.

• Gentiles: Non-Jewish people, including Romans, Greeks, and Persians.

• Pentecost: The event in which the Holy Spirit descended upon the followers of Jesus after his ascension.

Significant Locations

• Jerusalem: The center of the Jewish world and the site of Jesus' death and resurrection.

• Galilee: The area where Jesus grew up and ministered.

• Caesarea: A Roman city built for the Romans by Herod.

• Damascus: The city where Paul had his conversion experience.

• Constantinople: The new Christian city founded by Constantine, named after himself.

Crucial Events

• Council of Jerusalem: A debate between James, Peter, and Paul about what it meant to be a follower of Jesus.

• Council of Nicaea: Constantine's attempt to unify Christianity and establish the Nicene Creed.

• Roman-Jewish War: A conflict that resulted in the destruction of Jerusalem and the Jewish Temple in 70 CE.

• Pentecost: The event in which the Holy Spirit descended upon the followers of Jesus after his ascension.