states of conciousness

NREM-1

slow breathing + irregular brain waves, lack awareness, hallucinations occur

nrem-2

longest period of sleep, slow delta waves

Sleep

natural loss of consciousness .

Hallucinations

they're hypnagogic, such as seeing something with out an external visual stimulus

Hypnagogic sensation

a bizarre expierence like falling weightlessly and occurs during transitioning to nrem-1

Alpha waves

slow brain waves released in a state of relaxation + awake

LSD

a powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid

Near-death experience

a out of body expierence/altered state of consciousness

THC

in mariujana

Theta waves

light sleep

Delta waves

in deep sleep, long slow brain waves

Beta waves

awake and alert brain activity

Sleep spindles

bursts of brain activity in nrem-2

NREM sleep

non rapid eye movement sleep-is all stages of sleep but REM

Insomnia

person that has issues in falling asleep or staying asleep

Narcolepsy

uncontrollable sleep attacks can cause person to go into rem

Sleep apnea

usually in overweight people, have trouble breathing at night, temporary stopping of breathing

Night terrors

usually occurs with children, occurs in nrem 3, wake up without remembering

Paradoxical sleep

REM sleep. relaxed body but with brain movements

Dream

occurs in rem, sequence of images, emotions, thoughts in sleeping persons mind

Manifest content

freuds belief; storyline of dream

latent content

meaning of the dream

Methamphetamine

drug that stimulates the cns with sped up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time

Ecstasy (MDMA)

synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinagent, produces euphoria; Releases dopamine and serotonin and blocks reuptake

Alcohol

Depressant

cocaine

stimulant

Caffeine

stimulant

Mastered (28)

You've been getting these terms right!

conciousness

our awareness of ourselves and our environment

Preconscious

Information that is not currently in consciousness, but can be recalled when presented to

unconscious

thought w/out awareness

Circadian rhythm

our bodies biological 24hour cycle (occurs once)

Infradian rhythm

Occur once a month or a season.(period)

Ultradian rhythm

Occur more than once a day (our stages of sleep)

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

cluster of neurons in hypothalamus that control circadian rhythm

creates melatonin in pineal, releases more during the dark and less in the light

Melatonin

hormone connected with the sleep/wake cycle

Sleep Theories

-eenegy conservation
-recuperate (reapir brain tissue)
-rebuild fading memories
-growth
-restoration
-creative thinking

REM sleep

rapid eye movement sleep, dreams occur in this stage; paradoxical sleep, slow alpha waves

hallucinations

sensory experiences that occur w/out a external stimulus

hynagogic

bizarre experiences like falling weightlessly

Activation synthesis

theory that dreams are our brains attempt to synthesize random neural activity

Consolidation theory

dreams reflect a biological process of long-term memory


strengthen the neural traces of recent events, to integrate these new traces with older memories and previously stored knowledge, and to maintain the stability of existing memory representations in the face of subsequent experience

REM rebound

tendency for rem sleep to increase following rem sleep deprivation

Psychoactive drugs

chemicals that change perception and mood

3 major categories

depressant, stimulant, hallucinagen

Tolerance

as someone dependent on drugs use the same dose, they tend to take larger ones then prior

Withdrawal

Discomfort and distress that follow discontinued use

Physical dependence

physiological need for a drug, unpleasant withdrawal symptoms follow like grogginess

Psychological dependence

need to use a drug, like as to relieve negative emotions

Addiction

helpless drug craving and use, despite consequences

Depressants

slows body and neural functions down, (alcohol, heroin,)

stimulants

drugs that excite the body and neural connections; caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, meth, ecstasy

hallucinogens

drugs that distort perceptions + evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

Barbiturates

drugs that depress cns activity and reduces anxiety but impairs memory and judgment

Opiates

depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety; in morphin and heroin

Amphetamines

stimulate nerual activity + speeds up mood (meth)