Alright, here are the answers to those shorter questions:
Urban Models:
* What is the main idea of the Concentric Zone Model? Cities grow outward in rings from a central business district (CBD).
* How does the Sector Model differ from the Concentric Zone Model? It suggests growth extends outward in wedges or sectors along transportation routes.
* What factor is most important in the Multiple Nuclei Model? Cities develop around multiple nodes of activity, not just one CBD.
* What role does the automobile play in the Galactic City Model? It enables decentralization and the development of edge cities.
* Why might Western urban models not fit all cities globally? They don't always account for colonial legacies, rapid informal growth, and different cultural or economic structures.
Urbanization and Migration:
* Give an example of a push factor for rural-to-urban migration. Lack of job opportunities in agriculture.
* Give an example of a pull factor for rural-to-urban migration. Greater access to education and healthcare in cities.
* What is a major impact of the Great Migration on US cities? Significant increase in the African American population in Northern industrial centers.
* What is a common characteristic of suburbanization? Lower-density residential development outside the central city.
* What is counterurbanization? The movement of people from urban areas to rural areas.
Urban Challenges:
* What is gentrification? The influx of wealthier residents into deteriorated inner-city areas, often displacing lower-income residents.
* What is a consequence of gentrification? Increased property values and potential displacement of original residents.
* What does ghettoization typically involve? The concentration of a specific ethnic or racial group in impoverished inner-city neighborhoods.
* What is environmental injustice? The disproportionate exposure of marginalized communities to environmental hazards.
* What is a key characteristic of urban sprawl? Low-density, scattered development on the urban fringe.
Urban Planning and Policy:
* What was a primary goal of the City Beautiful Movement? To create aesthetically pleasing and orderly urban environments.
* What is a characteristic of New Urbanism? Walkable neighborhoods with mixed-use development.
* What is the purpose of zoning? To regulate land use within specific areas of a city.
* What is mixed-use development? Blending residential, commercial, and other land uses in the same area.
* What is a goal of sustainable urban development? To meet present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
General Patterns:
* What is a primate city? The largest city in a country that is disproportionately larger than other cities in terms of population and influence.
* What does the rank-size rule suggest about city sizes? The nth largest city is about 1/n the size of the largest city.
* What are gateway cities known for? Serving as major ports of entry and distribution centers.
* What is a characteristic of European cities? High population density and historic architecture.
* What is a characteristic of colonial cities? Often established as administrative centers by colonizing powers.