Regional Government and Global Citizenship

Here are the flashcards based on the provided content:

### Flashcard 1: Legal and Non-Legal Rules

- Front: What is the difference between legal and non-legal rules? Provide examples.

- Back: Legal Rules: Enforced by the government (e.g., laws against theft, speed limits). Non-Legal Rules: Established by social groups and not legally enforceable (e.g., school rules, family rules).

### Flashcard 2: Australia’s System of Government

- Front: Describe Australia’s federal structure.

- Back: Federal Structure: Divided into three levels—Federal, State, Local.

### Flashcard 3: Australia’s System of Government

- Front: What is Federation in the context of Australia?

- Back: Federation refers to the unification of the six colonies into the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901.

### Flashcard 4: Australia’s System of Government

- Front: Define the term "democracy."

- Back: Democracy is a system of government where the citizens exercise power by voting.

### Flashcard 5: Australia’s System of Government

- Front: Describe Australia’s Parliamentary system.

- Back: Australia’s Parliamentary system is bicameral, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate. It operates under a federal system where powers are divided between the national and state governments.

### Flashcard 6: Australia’s System of Government

- Front: Explain the role of the House of Representatives and the Senate.

- Back: House of Representatives initiates and debates proposed laws, representing the population. The Senate reviews legislation and represents states equally.

### Flashcard 7: Australia’s System of Government

- Front: Compare the three arms of the separation of powers.

- Back: Legislative: Makes laws (Parliament). Executive: Enforces laws (Government). Judiciary: Interprets laws (Courts).

### Flashcard 8: Australia’s System of Government

- Front: Describe the division of powers in Australia.

- Back: The division of powers refers to the distribution of law-making powers between the Federal Government (e.g., defense), State Governments (e.g., education), and Local Governments (e.g., community services).

### Flashcard 9: Australia’s System of Government

- Front: How do voting systems differ in the House of Representatives and the Senate?

- Back: House of Representatives: Preferential voting. Senate: Proportional voting.

### Flashcard 10: Japan’s System of Government

- Front: Compare the key features of Australia’s and Japan’s systems of government.

- Back: Both have bicameral systems, but Japan's Prime Minister is the head of government, and the Emperor is ceremonial. Australia’s head of state is the British Monarch, represented by the Governor-General.

### Flashcard 11: Progression of a Bill through Parliament

- Front: What are the steps in the progression of a bill through parliament?

- Back: Introduction and First Reading, Second Reading, Committee Stage, Third Reading, Senate (if applicable), Royal Assent.

### Flashcard 12: Progression of a Bill through Parliament

- Front: Describe three steps of the progression of a bill through parliament.

- Back: First Reading: Introduction. Second Reading: Debate. Committee Stage: Detailed examination and amendments.

### Flashcard 13: Criminal vs Civil Law

- Front: Distinguish between civil and criminal law with examples.

- Back: Criminal Law: Offenses against the state (e.g., murder). Civil Law: Disputes between individuals (e.g., breach of contract).

### Flashcard 14: Criminal vs Civil Law

- Front: Describe criminal and civil law with examples.

- Back: Criminal Law: Theft, murder. Civil Law: Divorce settlements, property disputes.

### Flashcard 15: Foreign Aid from Governments and NGOs

- Front: Define Foreign Aid and explain how it works.

- Back: Foreign Aid is assistance provided by one country to another, often for humanitarian, economic, or political purposes. It can be bilateral (direct) or multilateral (through organizations like the UN).

### Flashcard 16: Foreign Aid from Governments and NGOs

- Front: Describe the two types of Foreign Aid with examples.

- Back: Bilateral Aid: Australia providing funds to Papua New Guinea for infrastructure. Multilateral Aid: Contributions to the World Bank for global development projects.

### Flashcard 17: Australia and the UN

- Front: Explain Australia’s role in the United Nations.

- Back: Australia is a key player in the UN, contributing to peacekeeping missions, advocating for human rights, and participating in international diplomacy.

### Flashcard 18: Australia and the UN

- Front: Describe the role of UN peacekeepers with an example.

- Back: UN Peacekeepers are deployed to conflict zones to maintain peace and security. Example: Peacekeeping missions in East Timor to ensure stability.

### Flashcard 19: Keeping the Peace

- Front: Name the main UN bodies involved in maintaining peace.

- Back: Security Council, General Assembly, International Court of Justice.

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