Client care unit 1

What is infection control? Is is where the microorganism have gained entry, multiplied in the tissue, causing damage to cells and tissues resulting in localised or systemic injury.

Chain of infection 1 Pathogen 2 Reservoir 3 Portal of exit 4 Mode of transmission 5 Portal of entry 6 Susceptible host

How to break the chain of infection 1 Break the source 2 Block the portal of exit 3 Interrupt the mode of transmission 4 Protect portal of entry 5 Increase host defence

Standard precaution

• Minimum infection prevention practice that apply to all client care regardless of suspected or confirmed infection of the patient in any setting where healthcare is delivered

• Perform hand hygiene, use personal protective equipment (PPE), safe injection practices, safe handling of potentially contaminated equipment or surfaces in the patient environment and respiratory/ hygiene/ cough etiquette

  Types of precaution

• Droplets precaution (must clean hand including before entering and leaving the room, make sure face is protected)

• Contact precaution (must clean hands, put on gloves, put on gowns and use disposable equipment, discard everything)

• Airbone precaution (must clean hands, put on fitted N-95, must remained closed always)

  Purpose of infection control

  It is to protect and prevent the spread of infections among patients, especially those involving blood-borne pathogens

  Infection control practices

  Hand hygiene, sterilisation and disinfection, management of blood and bodily fluids exposure, environmental cleaning, waste management

  Medical asepsis

  Medical asepsis a.k.a ‘clean technique’ or ‘aseptic technique’ is the purposeful reduction of pathogens to prevent the transfer of microorganism from one person or an object to another during a medical procedure

  Necessary components of medical asepsis include

• knowing what is ‘dirty’ vs ‘clean’ vs ‘sterile’

• How to keep the first 3 conditions separate

• How to remedy contamination immediately