Measuring the Earth

  • The true shape of Earth / oblate spheroid (round)

  • Lithosphere is the / solid land part of the Earth (made of crust & rigid mantle)

  • Hydrosphere is the / liquid layer of the Earth (bodies of water)

  • Atmosphere is the / gas portion, broken into 4 layers, lowest is the troposphere

  • Weather occurs in the / troposphere

  • Latitude lines run / horizontal - measure North and South of Equator

  • Longitude lines run / up and down - measure East and West of the Prime Meridian 

  • Same line of longitude you have the same / time

  • Time zones are separated by / 15 degrees of longitude 

  • How many hours per time zone? / 1 hour difference per time zone

  • As you go East (towards Europe) time / increases 

  • As you go West (towards California) time / decreases

  • Where can you see Polaris? / Only in the Northern Hemisphere

  • The altitude of Polaris / your latitude in the Northern Hemisphere 

  • Polaris / in line with Earth's axis of rotation and is the only star that does not move

  • Isoline / line connecting points of equal value

  • Isobars measure / pressure

  • Isotherms measure / temperature

  • Contour measures / elevation

  • Contour interval is the / amount between each contour line

  • Ocean is sea level / 0 feet

  • A set of circles inside circles indicates / a hill

  • Tick marks on a topographic map indicate / depressions (1st tick marked line is the same elevation as the one before it)

  • Lines close together / steeper gradient and steep slope

  • Water flows / downhill - opposite bends in contour line

  • Earth's spheres are held together by / gravity

  • Earth's spheres are arranged from / low to high density moving towards Earth's center

  • Most water vapor located in the / troposphere

  • Boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere / tropopause

  • Boundary between the stratosphere and mesosphere / stratopause

  • Boundary between the mesosphere and thermosphere / mesopause

  • Atmospheric pressure at sea level / 1 atm

  • Highest concentration of water vapor / 40 gm^3

  • Chemical symbol for Calcium / Ca

  • Most abundant element in Earth's hydrosphere / Hydrogen

  • Hydrosphere - Atmosphere - Lithosphere in order least to most dense / Atmosphere (Gas), Hydrosphere (Liquid), Lithosphere (Solid)

  • Which element can be found in the crust, hydrosphere and troposphere? / Oxygen

  • Most abundant element in the Troposphere / Nitrogen

  • How many degrees wide is each time zone? / 15 degrees

  • Longitude of Prime Meridian / 0 degrees

  • Longitude of International Date Line / 180 degrees

  • How many time zones are there on Earth? / 24 

  • How many time zones are there in the US? / 4

  • Where will the highest altitude of Polaris be observed? / Central NYS

  • If two locations have the same longitude they are in the same / time zone

  • You can see Polaris in the South. True OR False? / False; only seen in the N