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Unit 1 APHG

1.1

  • Mercator projection: good for showing accurate directions but significant distortion of size (ex. Greenland and Africa)

  • Good Homolosine projection: good at showing true size and shape of land masses but distortion in distances near edges of map so not helpful for direction

  • Robinson projection: more distortion near the poles which helps preserve size and shape of land masses but ends up spreading distortion out in all areas

  • Gall-peters projection: distortion with shape and direction

  • Interrupted map: map that tries to remove distortion by removing parts of the globe

  • Uninterrupted map: map that displlays entirety of the earth’s surface

  • Reference maps: often used for directions and boundaries, etc.

  • Absolute direction: exact location

  • Relative direction: approx. and direction depends on another object’s current location

  • Thematic maps: display spatial patterns and use quantitative data

    • Chloropleth, dot density, graduated symbol, isoline (ex. Weather map), cartogram, flow line maps (ex. Movement of imports and exports)

1.2

  • Geospatial technologies (remote sensing, geographic information systems, GPS)

  • Qualitative: often in word form (ex. interviews)

  • Quantitative: collected through numbers # (ex. Census)

1.3

  • Small scale - global scale

  • Large scale - local scale

  • Supranational organization: organizations such as United Nations

1.4

  • Absolute location: exact spot on earth using longitude and latitude

  • Relative location: description of location based on surrounding area

  • Placelessness: When a place seems to lack in identity

  • Time-space compression: reduction of time it takes for something or someone to get from one place to another (counters distance decay)

  • Distance decay: effect of distance on cultural or spatial interactions

1.5

  • Environmental determinism: environment sets possibilities for human and society

  • Environmental possibilism: idea that environment puts limits on society but ppl have ability to adjust/modify physical environment to overcome limits

1.6

  • Scale: relationship of distance on map to corresponding distance on ground

  • Scale of analysis: observation of data at the global, national, regional and/or local scale 

  • (ex. Global scale with national scale of analysis)

  • Small scale - more generalizations (ZOOMED OUT)

  • Large scale - more detailed (ZOOMED IN)

1.7

  • Formal/uniform regions: common attributes, defined by different characteristics

  • Functional/nodal regions: areas organized around nodes (ex. Subway stations)

  • Perceptual/vernacular regions: areas linked together due to opinions, beliefs on region - exist in people's minds (ex. Middle East) use cardinal directions

Unit 1 APHG

1.1

  • Mercator projection: good for showing accurate directions but significant distortion of size (ex. Greenland and Africa)

  • Good Homolosine projection: good at showing true size and shape of land masses but distortion in distances near edges of map so not helpful for direction

  • Robinson projection: more distortion near the poles which helps preserve size and shape of land masses but ends up spreading distortion out in all areas

  • Gall-peters projection: distortion with shape and direction

  • Interrupted map: map that tries to remove distortion by removing parts of the globe

  • Uninterrupted map: map that displlays entirety of the earth’s surface

  • Reference maps: often used for directions and boundaries, etc.

  • Absolute direction: exact location

  • Relative direction: approx. and direction depends on another object’s current location

  • Thematic maps: display spatial patterns and use quantitative data

    • Chloropleth, dot density, graduated symbol, isoline (ex. Weather map), cartogram, flow line maps (ex. Movement of imports and exports)

1.2

  • Geospatial technologies (remote sensing, geographic information systems, GPS)

  • Qualitative: often in word form (ex. interviews)

  • Quantitative: collected through numbers # (ex. Census)

1.3

  • Small scale - global scale

  • Large scale - local scale

  • Supranational organization: organizations such as United Nations

1.4

  • Absolute location: exact spot on earth using longitude and latitude

  • Relative location: description of location based on surrounding area

  • Placelessness: When a place seems to lack in identity

  • Time-space compression: reduction of time it takes for something or someone to get from one place to another (counters distance decay)

  • Distance decay: effect of distance on cultural or spatial interactions

1.5

  • Environmental determinism: environment sets possibilities for human and society

  • Environmental possibilism: idea that environment puts limits on society but ppl have ability to adjust/modify physical environment to overcome limits

1.6

  • Scale: relationship of distance on map to corresponding distance on ground

  • Scale of analysis: observation of data at the global, national, regional and/or local scale 

  • (ex. Global scale with national scale of analysis)

  • Small scale - more generalizations (ZOOMED OUT)

  • Large scale - more detailed (ZOOMED IN)

1.7

  • Formal/uniform regions: common attributes, defined by different characteristics

  • Functional/nodal regions: areas organized around nodes (ex. Subway stations)

  • Perceptual/vernacular regions: areas linked together due to opinions, beliefs on region - exist in people's minds (ex. Middle East) use cardinal directions