Intro to Clinical Psych Exam 3

Chapter 11:
• What did Hans Eysenck conclude about whether or not psychotherapy works?
• Be familiar with the differences between efficacy and effectiveness studies
• Efficacy studies of psychotherapy tend to maximize what type of validity? What about
effectiveness studies of psychotherapy?
• What three parties did Hans Strupp identify that should be consulted when researching
psychotherapy outcomes (i.e., in his tripartite model)?
• Overall, what have efficacy studies concluded about psychotherapy (i.e., does it work)?
• Be familiar with the Consumer Reports study and its major flaws
• Why is there a gap between the research and practice of psychotherapy?
• What is practice-oriented research?
• What are alternate ways of measuring outcomes of psychotherapy (aside from efficacy and
effectiveness studies)? *Hint: this was not discussed in lecture—review Chapter 11 of your
assigned reading in the textbook
• What is the “dodo bird verdict?”
o Be familiar with common factors (e.g., the therapeutic alliance/rapport)
• Dianne Chambless has argued against the idea that all forms of psychotherapy are equivalent—
what has she worked to establish?
• Be familiar with the Stages of Change Model
• What is the difference between eclectic and integrative approaches to therapy?
• What trends do experts predict will occur in psychotherapy in the near future? (i.e., what
psychotherapeutic orientations will become more popular, less popular, etc. with clinical
psychologists)
Chapter 12:
• Be familiar with Freud’s contributions to the field of Clinical Psychology
• What is the primary goal of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy?
• What methods might a psychodynamic psychotherapist utilize to access a client’s unconscious?
o What is the difference between free association and word association?
o What is a Freudian slip?
o What is dream work?
• What is the purpose of a defense mechanism?
• What is resistance?
• What is transference?
o What is the working through process?
• What does it mean for a therapist to play the blank screen role?

• Be familiar with the primary issues of the three psychosexual stages of development focused on

in lecture (i.e., oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage)

• Brief forms of psychodynamic therapy

o What does Interpersonal Therapy tend to focus on?

▪ What has Interpersonal Therapy been frequently used to treat?

o What does Time-Limited Dynamic Psychotherapy tend to focus on? What working

model of a client’s issues is typically presented to the client?

o What are the major differences between brief and long-term psychodynamic therapy?

• What are allegiance effects?

Chapter 13:

• What do Humanistic Psychotherapists believe about the inherent nature of human beings?

o What is the primary goal of Humanistic Psychotherapy?

• Be familiar with the concept of congruence (and the real and ideal self)

• What is self-actualization? How is it related to mental health according to the Humanistic

approach?

• Be familiar with conditions of worth

• What are the three necessary conditions for Humanistic Psychotherapy?

o Rogers asserted that these three conditions were both necessary and sufficient for

successful psychotherapy—what does the research suggest?

• Be familiar with the historical alternatives to humanism: Existential Psychotherapy and Gestalt

Therapy. Know their basic definitions.

o Hint: this was not covered in lecture, see Chapter 13 of your assigned reading in the

text

• Be familiar with Motivational Interviewing as a modern take on Humanistic Psychotherapy

o What are the central principles of Motivational Interviewing?

Chapter 14:

• What is the primary goal of behavior psychotherapy?

• What behavioral principle did Edward Lee Thorndike and B.F. Skinner discover?

• How does a behavioral psychotherapist define mental health problems? Are behaviors the

symptoms of an underlying problem?

• Be generally familiar with exposure therapy and how it would be used to treat a specific

phobia

o What is the difference between in vivo and imaginal exposure?

o How does systematic desensitization differ from exposure?

▪ What relaxation techniques might be used?

• What is exposure and response prevention?

o What is it used to treat?

• What does prolonged exposure entail and what is it used to treat?

• What is assertiveness training?

o What is it used to treat?

• Be familiar with the use of operant conditioning in therapy
o What is Applied Behavior Analysis?
o Be familiar with shaping
o Be familiar with a token economy
o What is behavioral activation? What disorder is it frequently used to treat?
• What is behavioral consultation?
o Be familiar with parent training as a specific example