Criticized the traditional ideas of polytheism - evidence - xenophanes fragment - ‘there is one god who is greatest among gods and men’

criticized the anthropomorphic view of the gods - evidence- xenophanes fragment- ‘like mortals neither in body nor in mind’ ‘but mortals seem to have begotten gods to have their own garb and voice and form’

criticizes the origins of life- evidence- cosmology- ‘we all came form earth and water’;

criticizes homer and hesiods portrayal of gods as wicked, theft adultery and deceit- Hades taking pesephony- theogany , Juno and Venus in Aeneid ,

criticizes the formation of natural phenomenon- rainbows were just colored clouds not caused by Iris