henretta chapter 7

What amendment did the sedition act violate?

• Britain seized American ships, Jay hoped to protect ships

• Treaty did little to fix problems o TheHaitianRevolution:

• Toussaint L’Ouverture helped Haiti gain independence

• Many US _______________________ feared the impact

  of the revolution on their slaves

• The Rise of Political Parties:

o Republicanstendedtobe:

• __________________ (west and south), immigrants, and

  subsistence farmers in the north

• Pro-____________ and power to the _______________

o XYZAffair–Frenchdiplomatsdemandedabribefrom____US ambassadors, war hysteria ensued

o TheNaturalization,Alien,andSeditionActs:

• Meant to silence ______________________________ to

  Federalists or President Adams

• Naturalization – increased residency requirement from 5

  – 14 years

• Alien Act – president could _______________ foreigners

• Sedition Act – illegal to _______________________ the

  government

• VA and KY Resolutions – urged states to _____________

  the Alien and Sedition Acts (Compact Theory)

o The“Revolutionof1800”

• ______________________ becomes President, peaceful transition of power between political parties

• “____________________________________________ _____________________________________________”

  A Republican Empire Is Born

• Sham Treaties and Indian Lands:
o AftertheRev.War,Nativeswerepushedfurtherandfurther

west
o TheTreatyofGreenville:

• Western Confederacy gave up most of _____________ to Americans

o AssimilationRejected:

• Natives were encouraged to _______________________

  (act America)

• Most Natives resisted this – it ran contrary to their ways

  of life

• Migration and the Changing Farm Economy

  o SouthernMigrants:

  • A few, wealthy individuals owned significant land

  • ________ of white men owned no land in KY

  • Cotton! – King Cotton; _________________________ ->

    expansion into MI and AL

• The Jefferson Presidency:

o “VirginiaDynasty”–TJ,JM,JM
o JeffersonhadtodealwithaFederalistjudiciarybranch–

“midnight judges”
o ***________________________________***-S.C.rulesalaw

How did the Supreme Court increase the power of the federal government in the early 19th century?

•

unconstitutional
o Jefferson’sadministrationeliminatedtheexcisetax,keptthe

_____________ Jefferson and the West:

o Pinckney’sTreaty–USandSpain,UScould_________________ the Mississippi, store goods in NO

o TheLouisianaPurchase:

• Napoleon gained by the LA territory in 1803; US feared

  they would be cut out of the Mississippi River, so......

• Jefferson wants to by ________

• Impact of LA Purchase? Doubles the size of the US,

  Jefferson switches from __________________________

  _________________ interpretation

o SecessionistSchemes:

• Aaron Burr (Jefferson’s VP) flees to the SW, tries to create a new country

o LewisandClarkMeettheMandansandSioux:
• Sent to explore the newly acquired territory, many

interactions with Natives along the way

The War of 1812 and the Transformation of Politics

Conflict in the Atlantic and the West
o __________________________–Britishpracticeofseizingships

and forcing sailors (many Americans) into the British Navy o TheEmbargoof1807:

• Response to the Chesapeake incident

• US cut off ____ trade with ALL countries – huge disaster

• Other embargoes follow (Non-intercourse Act, Macon’s

  Bill #2)

o WesternWarHawks(HenryClay!)

• Tecumseh and Natives were provided guns by the British – eventually defeated by _________________________ ________ (future President) at the Battle of Tippecanoe

• _______________________! was elected Speaker of the House on his first day of office

• He and other Southern and Western Congressmen (John C. Calhoun) pushed for war

• Most Federalists were against the war, why? _________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________

  The War of 1812
  o Notverysuccessful
  o WashingtonD.C.andBuffalowereburned o FederalistOpposetheWar:

• Hartford Convention – meeting of Federalists to address _______________________________________

• Propose some amendments

• Some urge _______________________

• Huge blow to the Federalist Party

  o PeaceOverturesandaFinalVictory:

• Treaty of Ghent (Henry Clay!)

•

•

How could the Monroe Doctrine be seen as a continuation of Washington’s Farewell Address?

• No land was gained or lost

• 2 weeks later, Battle of ____________________

  ________________ (Andrew Jackson)

• The Federalist Legacy:
o Nationalist-Republicanspursuedpoliciessimilartothe

Federalists (Henry Clay!)
o Marshall’sFederalistView:

• Strengthened the power of the ____________________ government AND the Supreme Court

o AssertingNationalSupremacy:

• McCulloch v. Maryland – BUS was declared

  __________________________________; states cannot

  tax a federal government agency

• Gibbons v. Ogden – Only ____________________, NOT

  states, can control INTERstate commerce

o UpholdingVestedPropertyRights:

• Dartmouth College v. Woodward – contracts cannot be impaired by the government

o TheDiplomacyofJohnQ.Adams(SecretaryofState–stepping stone)

• Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) – US gained ______________, gave up claims to TX

• Monroe Doctrine – Europe must stay out of the ______________________________________, America will not get involved in European affairs