2.6 Prokaryotic cell structure

Prokaryotic Cell Structure vs. Eukaryotic

Organelles Structure and Function in Prokaryotes

Prokaryotic Cell

• No Nucleus

  • Nucleoid Region

• No Membrane-bound Organelles

  • Ribosomes: 70S

  • Cell Wall: Peptidoglycan

  • Flagella: energy for movement comes from Chemiosmosis NOT ATP

Eukaryotic Cell

• Nucleus

  • Nucleolus

• Membrane-bound Organelles

  • Mitochondria

  • Endoplasmic Reticulum

  • Golgi Apparatus

  • Nucleus

Eukaryotic DNA vs. Prokaryotic DNA

• Eukaryotic DNA:

  • Found in the nucleus, organized as chromatin.

  • Linear chromosomes with introns and exons.

  • Wrapped around histones for packaging.

  • Extra Chromosomal DNA present only in Mitochondria or Chloroplasts

• Prokaryotic DNA:

  • Located in the nucleoid, not in a nucleus.

  • Circular chromosome, lacks introns.

  • Contains only one molecule of DNA and it is not wrapped around histones.

  • not associated with histones

  • Extra chromosomal DNA as Plasmids

Cell reproduction

Prokaryote Asexual Binary Fission vs Eukaryote Asexual Mitosis and Sexual Meiosis