Islamic Empire Test

Five Ways Islam Spread

• Trade

  • Extensive network of trade routes (land and sea) facilitated the spread of Islam.

  • Trade routes allowed for cultural and goods exchange, helping to disseminate Islamic beliefs and practices.

• Art

  • Islam is known for its fine arts including architecture and intricate creations.

  • Unique art styles contributed to the popularity of Islam and its reputation as an empire of skilled artists.

• Conquest

  • The Islamic empire expanded through conquests, creating a vast domain across three continents.

  • Neighboring empires influenced by Islamic laws and teachings due to geographical proximity.

• Education

  • Education in the Islamic empire led to advancements in medicine, philosophy, and other fields.

  • Notable scholars contributed to the spread of Islam's reputation, and inventions such as algebra became associated with Islamic contributions.

• Cultural Influence

  • The Islamic empire's influence extended through interactions with other cultures and societies, further spreading its teachings and practices.

Cultural and Scientific Contributions of the Islamic Empire

• Algebra

  • Development of mathematical concepts that are foundational today.

• Astronomy

  • Advances in star charts and navigation were significant during the Islamic Golden Age.

• Medicine

  • Contributions to medical knowledge, including surgeries and hospital systems.

• Architecture

  • Distinctive architectural styles that defined Islamic aesthetics and design.

• Literature

  • A rich tradition of poetry and philosophy that included essential texts for future generations.

Vocabulary Terms

• Jizya: Tax paid by non-Muslims in an Islamic state.

• Islam: The religion practiced by Muslims.

• The Hajj: A pilgrimage to Mecca that is required of all able Muslims.

• Ramadan: The holy month of fasting in Islam, focusing on spiritual reflection and worship.

• Rashidun Caliphate: The first caliphate lasting from 632 C.E. to 661 C.E.

• Umayyad Caliphate: The second caliphate lasting from 661 C.E. to 750 C.E., following the Rashiduns.

• Abbasid Caliphate: The third caliphate from 750 C.E. to 1258 C.E., which replaced the Umayyads.

• Fatimid Caliphate: A caliphate from 909 C.E. to 1171 C.E., initially based in Africa.

• Ottoman Empire: The last Islamic caliphate (1299, 1923) that did not directly descend from Muhammad.

• Caliph: The civil and religious leader in Islam, regarded as a successor to Muhammad.

• Islamic Golden Age: A period of cultural, economic, and scientific flourishing during the Abbasid Dynasty.

• Muhammed: The prophet whose teachings founded Islam.

• 5 Pillars of Islam: The framework of a Muslim's life consisting of Shahada, prayer, charity, fasting, and The Hajj.

• Caliphate: A form of government in Islam led by a caliph who interprets the Quran for policy decisions.

• Quran: The central religious text of Islam, believed to be the word of God as revealed to Muhammad.

Bodies of Water

• Arabian Sea

• Mediterranean Sea

• Persian Gulf

• Caspian Sea

• Black Sea

• Aral Sea

• Red Sea

Cities

• Jerusalem

• Baghdad

• Rome

• Constantinople

• Seville

• Basra

Landforms and Rivers

• Landforms: Arabian Peninsula, Syrian Desert, Plateau of Iran

• Rivers: Nile River, Euphrates River, Indus River, Danube River, Tigris River

• Mountains: Hindu Kush Mountains, Caucasus Mountains, Atlas Mountains

Notable Cities in the Islamic Empire

• Constantinople

• Alexandria

• Mecca

• Medina

• Baghdad

• Kabul

• Tripoli