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Tariff of 1816

• First protective tariff in US history, designed to shield american manufacturers from the uprising of new british goods

• Part of henry clays american system

• Helped the north, but hurt the south and the west

Native Americans

• After the war of 1812, we pushed further into native terrotory (west, south, florida)

• Treaty of 1817 aimed to relocate cherokee 

• Andrew jackson led the first seminole war in florida where we killed a bunch of natives, then spain just gave us florida

• Basically almost completely ended native resistance 

Hartford Convention

• Death of the federalist party

• To show opposition to the war of 1812

• Beginning of the era of good feelings

American System (all 3 parts)

• Henry clay question- he did all EXCEPT the navy

• 1. Established protective tariff

• 2. Made second bank of the united states to start a credit system and currency

• 3. Internal improvements, like transportation and infrastructure

  • Helped unify the country

Era of Good feelings

• Lack of political parties, everyone was a democratic republican

• Monroe ran basically unopposed

• Surge in national pride and economic gains through the american system

• Acquired florida and westward expansion 

• Good feelings pause during missour compromis and panic of 1819

Panic of 1819

• First major economic depression 

• Overexpansion of credit, or lent money too leniantly 

• Many americas bought western land on credit, when ecnomoy slowed, the land prices dropped, causing them not to be able to repay their debts

• Europe started farming themselves, meaning economy in the south was crashing, too

• Many state banks collapsed due to bad loans and speculation

• Mass unemployment, hatred toward banks, sectionalism grew, and love for andrew jackson grew

Missouri compromise

• Slavery was banned NORTH of the 36*30 latitude line (missouris southern border)

• Missouri entered as a slave state, maine entered as a free state to maintain balance

• Temporarily relieved tensions involving slavery

John marshall 

• Established judicial review and was the judge of all the following cases:

  • Mcculloch v maryland

    • Maryland sued mcculloch, a bank teller, for not paying the bank tax

    • Ruled that it was constitutional to have a bank under the necessary and proper clause

    • Reinforcing the fact that government has powers beyond the constitution 

  • Gibbons v Ogden

    • Gibbons had a federal license to operate steamboats, ogden had a state license

    • Gibbons, who monopolized, sued ogden stating he violated the state license 

    • Marshall ruled that congress has exclusive power to regulate commerce 

    • Reinstated that state laws do not out-do federal laws

  • Cohens V Virginia

    • For a lottery in DC, the cohen brothers sold lottery tickets in virginia, which was illegal

    • Cohens stated they were innocent because the lottery was under federal law, and the law they violated was only in virginia 

    • Emphasixed federal law is greater than state law

  • Fletcher V Peck

    • Peck bought land under a grant before it was deemed corrupt and was repealed. Beacuse of this, when fletcher bought the same land, he sued peck because it was illegal and invalid

    • Ruled that grant contract was invalid, established that court has the authority to review and invalidate state laws 

  • Dartmouth College V Woodward

    • New hampshire tried to make dartmouth into a public college, in which the trustees did not like and sued woodward

    • Ruled in favor of dartmouth, reinforced that states cannot interfere with private corporations 

Monroe Doctrine

• The west hemisphere is no longer available to american colonization

• US would not involve itself in european affairs

• New nations in latin america would prosper under independence 

Growth of cities

• Cities became the center of production

• Most people immigrated to cities

• Transportation and technological improvements

• Agriculture innovations were made to make farming easier 

Nativism

• Motivated by xenophobia, hatred of foreigners

• Colonisers essentially think THEYRE native to america and are better than immigrants

Cotton Gin

• Innovation created by eli whitney to easily separate cotton from the seed

• Boomed cotton production and basically saved economic agriculture

• Slavery was diminishing, and the cotton gin made the slavery population increase again

Erie Canal

• Connected from hudson river to lake erie, helping trade and transportation

• Key role in the development to New York and westward expansion

Regional economic differences

• North- industry and natural resources, with port cities and banking/finance. Relied on immigrant labor. Invested heavily on transportation 

• South- agriculture. Slave labor, relied on rivers